Shloka 19

Karṇa-vadha-pratyaya: Yudhiṣṭhira’s Verification of Karṇa’s Fall (कर्णवध-प्रत्ययः)

Devanagari script

दुर्योधनो5थ सहितो भ्रातृभिर्भरतर्षभ

Transliteration

duryodhano 'tha sahito bhrātṛbhir bharatarṣabha

Translation

サンジャヤは言った。「そのときドゥルヨーダナは兄弟たちを伴い、進み出た／姿を現した。おお、バーラタ族の雄牛よ。」

Word by Word

• दुर्योधनः: Duryodhana
• दुर्योधनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्योधन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अथ: then/now
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ

• सहितः: accompanied (by)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सहित
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• भ्रातृभिः: by/with (his) brothers
• भ्रातृभिः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: भ्रातृ
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• भरतर्षभ: O bull of the Bharatas (best of the Bharatas)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भरत-ऋषभ
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Duryodhana
• Bharatarṣabha (honorific addressee, typically Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even brief narrative cues can carry ethical weight: Duryodhana’s movement “with his brothers” highlights how major moral choices in war are rarely solitary—group loyalty can amplify resolve, but it can also spread and normalize responsibility for an unrighteous course.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya transitions the scene by reporting that Duryodhana proceeds/appears together with his brothers, addressing the listener as “bharatarṣabha,” a respectful epithet for a Bharata elder (commonly Dhṛtarāṣṭra in Sañjaya’s war narration).