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Shloka 23

Droṇa-pātana-paripṛcchā (Inquiry into the Fall of Droṇa) | द्रोणपातनपरिपृच्छा

पदातिषु रथाश्वेषु वारणेषु च सर्वश: । तस्य विद्युदिवा भ्रेषु चरन्‌ केतुरदृश्यत,पैदल सैनिकों, रथियों, घुड़सवारों तथा हाथीसवारोंमें सब ओर विचरता हुआ उनका ध्वज बादलोंमें विद्युत्‌-सा दृष्टिगोचर हो रहा था

padātiṣu rathāśveṣu vāraṇeṣu ca sarvaśaḥ | tasya vidyud ivābhreṣu caran ketur adṛśyata ||

サञ्जयは語った。歩兵、戦車兵、騎兵、象騎兵のただ中——戦場の至るところで——彼の旗印が行き来し、雲間の稲妻のように閃いて見えた。この比喩は、一人の武人の進撃がもつ恐るべき勢いを語る。頭上の紋章は、戦の混沌の中で、支配と迫り来る破滅のしるしとなるのである。

पदातिषुamong foot-soldiers
पदातिषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपदाति
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
रथाश्वेषुamong chariot(-warriors) and horse(-riders)
रथाश्वेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरथाश्व
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
वारणेषुamong elephants/elephant-riders
वारणेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवारण
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सर्वशःeverywhere; on all sides
सर्वशः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वशः
तस्यof him/of that (warrior)
तस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
विद्युत्lightning
विद्युत्:
TypeNoun
Rootविद्युत्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
इवlike; as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
अभ्रेषुin/among clouds
अभ्रेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअभ्र
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
चरन्moving about; roaming
चरन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootचर्
FormPresent active (शतृ), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
केतुःbanner; standard
केतुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकेतु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अदृश्यतwas seen; appeared
अदृश्यत:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormImperfect (लङ्), Passive (कर्मणि), Third, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
ketu (banner/standard)
P
padāti (infantry)
R
ratha (chariots)
A
aśva (horses/horsemen)
V
vāraṇa (war-elephants)
A
abhra (clouds)
V
vidyut (lightning)

Educational Q&A

The verse uses the banner as a moral-symbolic marker: in war, visible signs of a warrior’s advance (his standard) can embody the spread of fear and the inevitability of violence. It highlights how power and reputation operate as ‘omens’ on the battlefield, reminding readers that martial glory is inseparable from widespread suffering.

Sañjaya describes a warrior moving through all divisions of the army—infantry, chariots, cavalry, and elephants—so swiftly and forcefully that his banner is repeatedly seen everywhere, flashing like lightning in clouds, indicating rapid movement and dominance amid the dust and tumult of battle.