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Shloka 20

Jayadratha-rakṣā: Conch Signals and Encirclement of Arjuna

Chapter 79

नूनं गति: कृतान्तस्य प्राजैरपि सुदुर्विदा । यत्र त्वं केशवे नाथे संग्रामेडनाथवद्धत:,“निश्चय ही कालकी गति बड़े-बड़े विद्वानोंके लिये भी अत्यन्त दुर्बोध है, जिसके अधीन होकर तुम श्रीकृष्ण-जैसे संरक्षकके रहते हुए संग्रामभूमिमें अनाथकी भाँति मारे गये

nūnaṁ gatiḥ kṛtāntasya prājair api sudurvidā | yatra tvaṁ keśave nāthe saṅgrāme ’nāthavad dhataḥ ||

サンジャヤは言った。「まことに、カーラ――死であり時であるもの――の歩みは、最も賢き者にも測りがたい。なぜなら、その支配のもとで、ケーシャヴァ(クリシュナ)が主として守護していながら、そなたは戦場で、まるで庇護なき者のように討たれたのだから。」

नूनम्surely, indeed
नूनम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनूनम्
गतिःcourse, movement, destiny
गतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
कृतान्तस्यof Death / of Fate (Yama)
कृतान्तस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootकृतान्त
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
प्राजैःby the wise, by learned people
प्राजैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootप्राज
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
अपिeven, also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
सुदुर्विदाvery hard to know/understand
सुदुर्विदा:
TypeAdjective
Rootसुदुर्विद
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
यत्रwhere, in which situation
यत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
केशवेin/with Keshava (Krishna)
केशवे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकेशव
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
नाथेwhen (he is) the protector/lord
नाथे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनाथ
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
संग्रामेin battle
संग्रामे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंग्राम
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
अनाथवत्like one without a protector
अनाथवत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनाथवत्
हतःkilled, slain
हतः:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Kṛtānta (Death/Time)
K
Keśava (Śrī Kṛṣṇa)
S
Saṅgrāma (battlefield)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the inscrutability and inevitability of Kāla (Time/Death): even wisdom and powerful protection cannot fully avert what destiny brings. It invites humility about human control and highlights the tragic limits of worldly safeguards in war.

Sañjaya laments to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that a warrior has been killed in battle despite having Kṛṣṇa (Keśava) as a protector. He attributes this shocking outcome to the unfathomable power of Kṛtānta—Death/Time—governing events on the battlefield.