Shloka 46
Bhagadatta’s Advance, the Saṃśaptaka Challenge, and Arjuna’s Counterstrike (द्रोणपर्व, अध्याय २६)
Devanagari script
ते त्वाशुगतिना तेन त्रास्यमाना नरर्षभा:
Transliteration
te tv āśugatinā tena trāsyamānā naraṛṣabhāḥ
Translation
だが雄牛のごとき勇士たちは、彼の疾風の突撃に揺さぶられ恐慌に陥り、戦の勢いが自分たちに逆らうと見るや、恐れに追い立てられた。
Word by Word
तेthey/those
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तुbut/however
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
आशुगतिनाby swift movement/speed
आशुगतिना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootआशुगति
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
तेनby him/thereby
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
त्रास्यमानाःbeing frightened/terrified
त्रास्यमानाः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootत्रस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, Passive, शानच् (present passive participle)
नरर्षभाःbulls among men, best of men
नरर्षभाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनरर्षभ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
Even the greatest warriors can be overtaken by fear when confronted with overwhelming speed and force; the verse highlights how quickly confidence can collapse on the battlefield, underscoring the need for steadiness and disciplined courage.
Sañjaya reports that a group of leading fighters, described as ‘bulls among men,’ are being frightened due to the rapid advance/attack of a particular combatant, indicating a sudden shift in battlefield pressure.