Shloka 13

Devanagari script

तमाजिशीर्षमायान्तं दहन्तं क्षत्रियर्ष भान्‌ । पराक्रान्तं पराक्रम्य तत: क्षत्रियपुड़वा:

Transliteration

tam ājiśīrṣam āyāntaṁ dahantaṁ kṣatriyarṣabhān | parākrāntaṁ parākramya tataḥ kṣatriyapuṅgavāḥ ||

Translation

サンジャヤは言った。彼が戦の最前線へと迫り、最上のクシャトリヤたちの中で万物を焼き尽くす火のごとく燃え盛るのを見て、第一の勇士たちは自らの武勇を奮い起こし、これを迎え撃ち、押しとどめんと前へ躍り出た。

Word by Word

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• आजिशीर्षम्: the foremost in battle (battle-chief)
• आजिशीर्षम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: आजिशीर्ष
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• आयान्तम्: coming, approaching
• आयान्तम्: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-या (धातु: या)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular, शतृ (present active participle)

• दहन्तम्: burning, scorching
• दहन्तम्: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: दह्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular, शतृ (present active participle)

• क्षत्रियर्षभान्: bulls among kshatriyas (foremost warriors)
• क्षत्रियर्षभान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षत्रियर्षभ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• पराक्रान्तम्: having advanced/attacked; overpowered
• पराक्रान्तम्: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: परा-क्रम् (धातु: क्रम्)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)

• पराक्रम्य: having advanced/assailed
• पराक्रम्य: Karana
• Type: Verb
• Root: परा-क्रम् (धातु: क्रम्)
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund)

• ततः: then; thereafter; from there
• ततः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (तद्-प्रभव)

• क्षत्रियपुङ्गवाः: the foremost of kshatriyas
• क्षत्रियपुङ्गवाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षत्रियपुङ्गव
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• kṣatriyas (warrior class)
• battlefront (ājiśīrṣa)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the kṣatriya ideal of meeting force with courage at the battle’s forefront, while implicitly reminding that such blazing prowess must still be judged within the Mahābhārata’s larger inquiry into dharma—how right action is to be discerned amid the chaos and moral cost of war.

What is happening in the narrative?

A formidable warrior is described as advancing to the very front of the battle and ‘burning’ through leading kṣatriyas; in response, other foremost warriors gather their strength and press forward to confront and counter him.