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Shloka 45

तथेतरे महेष्वासा: सौभद्रं युध्यपातयन्‌ । अल्पे च कारणे कृष्ण हतो गाण्डीवधन्चना

tathetare maheṣvāsāḥ saubhadraṁ yuddhyapātayan | alpe ca kāraṇe kṛṣṇa hato gāṇḍīvadhanvanā ||

サンジャヤは言った。「同じく他の大弓の勇士たちも、戦場でサウバドラ(アビマンニュ)を寄ってたかって圧し伏せ、ついに倒した。しかも、ああクリシュナよ、取るに足らぬ口実のために、ガーンディーヴァの担い手(アルジュナ)は殺されたのだ。」

तथाthus, so
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
इतरेthe others
इतरे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootइतर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
महेष्वासाःgreat archers
महेष्वासाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहेष्वास
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सौभद्रम्the son of Subhadrā (Abhimanyu)
सौभद्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसौभद्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
युधिin battle
युधि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुध्
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
अपातयन्caused to fall, struck down
अपातयन्:
TypeVerb
Rootपत्
FormImperfect, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada, true
अल्पेin a small (matter)
अल्पे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootअल्प
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
कारणेin/for a cause, reason
कारणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकारण
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
कृष्णO Kṛṣṇa
कृष्ण:
TypeNoun
Rootकृष्ण
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
हतःslain
हतः:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormPast passive participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
गाण्डीवधन्वनाby the wielder of Gāṇḍīva (Arjuna)
गाण्डीवधन्वना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगाण्डीवधन्वन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
S
Saubhadra (Abhimanyu)
K
Kṛṣṇa
G
Gāṇḍīva
G
Gāṇḍīvadhanvan (Arjuna)
O
other great bowmen (Kaurava warriors collectively)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how moral collapse in war can hinge on “small reasons”: when fighters accept flimsy pretexts, violence escalates beyond dharma. It invites reflection on proportionality, just cause, and the ethical danger of rationalizing harm.

Sañjaya reports that many mighty archers together overwhelmed Saubhadra (Abhimanyu) and brought him down in battle. He then addresses Kṛṣṇa, noting that the bearer of the Gāṇḍīva (Arjuna) was slain on a slight pretext—framing the event as ethically troubling and tragic.