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Shloka 23

द्रोणपर्व — अध्याय १६२: प्रातःसंध्यायां युद्धप्रवृत्तिः तथा रजोमेघे संमूढता

परित्यज्य रणे दौ्णिं व्यद्रवन्त दिशो दश | समरांगणमें मारे जाते हुए पांचाल और सोमक द्रोणपुत्र अश्वत्थामाको छोड़कर दसों दिशाओंमें भाग गये ।। तान्‌ दृष्टवा द्रवतः शूरान्‌ पज्चालान्‌ सहसोमकान्‌

sañjaya uvāca | parityajya raṇe drauṇiṁ vyadravanta diśo daśa | tān dṛṣṭvā dravataḥ śūrān pāñcālān saha-somakān |

サンジャヤは言った。戦場で斬り伏せられつつあったパンチャーラとソーマカは—勇者でありながら—戦のただ中でドローニ(アシュヴァッターマン)を捨て、十方へと逃げ散った。パンチャーラの英雄たちがソーマカとともに恐慌して走り去るのを見て…

परित्यज्यhaving abandoned
परित्यज्य:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-त्यज्
Formल्यप् (क्त्वा-प्रत्ययः), कर्तरि, पूर्वकालिक क्रिया (absolutive)
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
द्रौणिम्Drona's son (Ashvatthaman)
द्रौणिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्रौणि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
व्यद्रवन्तthey ran away
व्यद्रवन्त:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवि-द्रु
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
दिशःdirections
दिशः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदिश्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
दशten
दश:
TypeAdjective
Rootदशन्
Form—, —, —, indeclinable numeral used adjectivally
तान्those (them)
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा, कर्तरि, पूर्वकालिक क्रिया (absolutive)
द्रवतःrunning, fleeing
द्रवतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootद्रवत्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural, present active participle used adjectivally; agrees with शूरान्/पाञ्चालान्
शूरान्heroes, warriors
शूरान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशूर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पाञ्चालान्the Panchalas
पाञ्चालान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपाञ्चाल
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सहtogether with
सह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
Formpreposition/particle governing instrumental; here used with compound सहसोमकान्
सोमकान्the Somakas
सोमकान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसोमक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Drauṇi (Aśvatthāmā)
D
Droṇa
P
Pāñcālas
S
Somakas
R
raṇa (battlefield)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how overwhelming violence and terror can break even brave warriors, leading to abandonment of allies and disorder in war. Ethically, it points to the fragility of courage under extreme conditions and the grave social cost when fear overrides duty and solidarity.

Sañjaya reports that the Pāñcāla and Somaka warriors, being slaughtered on the battlefield, abandon Aśvatthāmā (Drauṇi) and scatter in all directions. The next line begins to describe the observer’s reaction upon seeing them flee.