Shloka 49
Sātyaki-praveśaḥ and Duryodhana-saṃnipātaḥ
Sātyaki’s passage and Duryodhana’s mass engagement
Devanagari script
ततः क्रुद्धो महाराज धर्नुर्वेदस्य पारग:
Transliteration
tataḥ kruddho mahārāja dhanurvedasya pāragāḥ
Translation
サンジャヤは言った。「そのとき、大王よ、彼は怒りに燃えた――弓術の学を究めた者が――それは戦いの決定的な転機を告げるものだった。技と憤りと義務（ダルマ）が、そこで激しく衝突する。」
Word by Word
ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात् अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (no gender/case/number)
क्रुद्धःangered
क्रुद्धः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रुध् (क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त: क्रुद्ध)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज (महान् + राजन्)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन
धनुर्वेदस्यof the science of archery
धनुर्वेदस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootधनुर्वेद (धनुस् + वेद)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन
पारगःone who has mastered; expert
पारगः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपारग (पार + ग)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
SañjayaD
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'mahārāja')D
Dhanurveda (science of archery)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Cross References
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The line highlights how mastery of skill (dhanurveda) does not by itself ensure righteousness; in war, anger can drive action, so ethical restraint and dharma must govern even the most capable warrior.
Sanjaya reports to the king that a master archer becomes enraged, marking an intensification of combat and foreshadowing a forceful response on the battlefield.