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Shloka 38

भीष्मरक्षण-उद्योगः, शिखण्डि-विवर्जनं, सर्वतोभद्र-व्यूहः

Protection of Bhīṣma, Exemption of Śikhaṇḍin, and the Sarvatobhadra Array

विविंशतेश्व दौणेश्व यन्तारी समताडयत्‌ | तौ पेततू रथोपस्थे रश्मीनुत्सूज्य वाजिनाम्‌,वे नाराच उसके कवचको कछिज्न-भिन्न करके शीघ्र ही धरतीमें समा गये। साथ ही घटोत्कचने विविंशति और अभश्व॒त्थामाके सारथियोंपर गहरा आघात किया। वे दोनों घोड़ोंकी बागडोर छोड़कर रथकी बैठकमें गिर पड़े

viviṁśateś ca dauṇeś ca yantārī samatāḍayat | tau petatur rathopasthe raśmīn utsṛjya vājinām ||

サञ्जयは言った。ガトートカチャは、ヴィヴィンシャティとドローナの子(アシュヴァッターマン)の御者を打ち倒した。二人は馬の手綱を放し、戦車の床へ崩れ落ちた。

विविंशतेषुin/among (the chariots/party) of Vivimshati
विविंशतेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootविविंशति
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
द्रोणेषुin/among (the chariots/party) of Drona
द्रोणेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
यन्तारीthe two charioteers
यन्तारी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयन्तृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
समताडयत्struck hard / smote
समताडयत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-तड्
FormImperfect, 3, Singular
तौthose two
तौ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
पेततुःfell down
पेततुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootपत्
FormPerfect, 3, Dual
रथोपस्थेon the chariot-seat
रथोपस्थे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरथोपस्थ
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
रश्मीन्reins
रश्मीन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरश्मि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
उत्सृज्यhaving let go / releasing
उत्सृज्य:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootउत्-सृज्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
वाजिनाम्of the horses
वाजिनाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootवाजिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural

संजय उवाच

संजय (Sañjaya)
विविंशति (Viviṁśati)
दौणि / अश्वत्थामा (Dauṇi / Aśvatthāman)
घटोत्कच (Ghaṭotkaca)
रथ (chariot)
यन्ता / सारथि (charioteer)
वाजिन् (horses)
रश्मि (reins)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how war rapidly strips away control and dignity: even mighty fighters become vulnerable when the supporting roles (like charioteers) are destroyed. Ethically, it points to the escalating cruelty of battle and the fragile dependence of warriors on others, complicating any claim that war remains cleanly governed by dharma.

Sañjaya reports that Ghaṭotkaca attacks and heavily strikes the charioteers of Viviṁśati and Aśvatthāman. The two charioteers drop the reins and fall onto the chariot-seat, leaving the horses uncontrolled and the warriors exposed in the chaos of combat.