Shloka 34

Devanagari script

अभियात्वा तथैवान्यान्‌ रथांस्तान्‌ सूर्यवर्चस: । अविध्यन्‌ समरे<न्योन्यं संरम्भाद्‌ युद्धदुर्मदा:

Transliteration

abhiyātvā tathaivānyān rathāṁs tān sūryavarcasaḥ | avidhyan samare 'nyonyaṁ saṁrambhād yuddha-durmadāḥ ||

Translation

サンジャヤは言った。彼らはまた他の戦車武者へも進み—太陽のごとき輝きを放つ者たち—戦場で互いに打ち合った。戦の驕りに酔い、突如の憤怒に駆られて、武器で互いを傷つけたのである。怒りと武人の矜持が、最も強き者たちの間でさえ、節度と正しい判断を覆い隠すことを示している。

Word by Word

• अभियात्वा: having attacked / having advanced against
• अभियात्वा: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-या (धातु: या)
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive), कर्तरि, पूर्वकाल (gerund)

• तथा: thus, in the same manner
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• एव: indeed, just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• अन्यान्: other (ones)
• अन्यान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्य
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• रथान्: chariots / chariot-warriors
• रथान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• तान्: those
• तान्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• सूर्यवर्चसः: sun-radiant, having the splendor of the sun
• सूर्यवर्चसः: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सूर्यवर्चस्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• अविध्यन्: they pierced / struck
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-व्यध् (धातु: व्यध्)
• Form: लङ् (imperfect), Third, Plural, परस्मैपद

• समरे: in battle
• समरे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: समर
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• अन्योन्यम्: one another, mutually
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अन्योन्य

• संरम्भात्: from fury / out of rage
• संरम्भात्: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: संरम्भ
• Form: Masculine, Ablative, Singular

• युद्धदुर्मदाः: maddened by battle / battle-intoxicated
• युद्धदुर्मदाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: युद्ध-दुर्मद
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• chariot-warriors (rathin-s)
• battlefield (samara)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how saṁrambha (impetuous rage) and yuddha-durmada (war-intoxication) can overwhelm discernment, turning even radiant heroes into mutual destroyers; it implicitly warns that anger and pride are ethically corrosive forces that obscure dharmic restraint.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya describes the chariot-warriors charging and then striking each other in close combat; in the heat of battle, they become mutually aggressive and wound one another, driven by fury and the reckless intoxication of war.