Shloka 5

तमुदीर्यन्तमालोक्य राजा दुर्योधनस्तत: । रथानामयुतं तस्य प्रेषयामास भारत,भारत! उस समय उन्हें युद्धमें बढ़ते देख राजा दुर्योधनने उनका सामना करनेके लिये दस हजार रथियोंकी सेना भेजी

tam udīryantam ālokya rājā duryodhanas tataḥ | rathānām ayutaṁ tasya preṣayāmāsa bhārata ||

サンジャヤは言った。戦いの中で彼が進み来るのを見て、王ドゥルヨーダナはこれに対抗させるため、一万の戦車武者を差し向けた、バーラタよ。

तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उदीर्यन्तम्advancing/raising (himself), moving forward
उदीर्यन्तम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-ईर्
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
आलोक्यhaving seen
आलोक्य:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-लोक्
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय), gerund
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दुर्योधनःDuryodhana
दुर्योधनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
रथानाम्of chariots
रथानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अयुतम्ten thousand
अयुतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअयुत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तस्यof him/of that (one)
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
प्रेषयामासsent/dispatched
प्रेषयामास:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-इष्
FormPerfect (लिट्), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
भारतO Bharata
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Duryodhana
B
Bhārata (Dhṛtarāṣṭra)
R
ratha (chariots/chariot-warriors)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights a recurring Mahābhārata ethic: when rulers act from pride and anxiety, they tend to escalate conflict through force rather than pursue restraint, counsel, or reconciliation—thereby deepening adharma and suffering.

Sañjaya reports that Duryodhana, noticing an opponent advancing on the battlefield, responds by sending a large contingent—ten thousand chariot-warriors—to confront and check that advance.