Shloka 27

Adhyāya 65: Dawn Assembly, Makara–Śyena Vyūhas, and Commander Engagements

Devanagari script

विविंशति: पड्चभि श्र त्रिभिर्द:शासनस्तथा । तान्‌ प्रत्यविध्यद्‌ राजेन्द्र पार्षत: शत्रुतापन:

Transliteration

viviṁśatiḥ pañcabhiś ca tribhir duryodhanas tathā | tān pratyavidhyad rājendra pārṣataḥ śatrutāpanaḥ ||

Translation

サンジャヤは言った。「大王よ、ヴィヴィムシャティは五本の矢で、ドゥフシャーサナも三本の矢で彼に報いた。するとプṛシャトの子——敵を灼く者——は彼らを逆に射貫き、激しい矢の応酬はなお続いた。」

Word by Word

• विविंशतिः: Viviṃśati (a warrior’s name)
• विविंशतिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: विविंशति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• पञ्चभिः: with five (arrows)
• पञ्चभिः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पञ्च (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• त्रिभिः: with three (arrows)
• त्रिभिः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• दुःशासनः: Duḥśāsana
• दुःशासनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुःशासन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तथा: also/likewise
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• तान्: them
• तान्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• प्रत्यविध्यत्: pierced/struck back
• Type: Verb
• Root: व्यध् (धातु) + प्रति (उपसर्ग)
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• राजेन्द्र: O king of kings
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजेन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• पार्षतः: the son of Pṛṣata (Dhṛṣṭadyumna)
• पार्षतः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्षत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• शत्रुतापनः: scorcher of foes
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शत्रुतापन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• Duryodhana
• Pārṣata (son of Pṛṣat; a Pāñcāla warrior)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the kṣatriya code in battle: steadfastness, skill, and measured retaliation within the accepted rules of warfare, showing how duty can be grim yet disciplined.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that Duryodhana shoots a volley of arrows (twenty-five and then three) and the Pāñcāla warrior called Pārṣata counters by piercing back, continuing the missile-exchange on the battlefield.