Shloka 33

Devanagari script

ततः सांयमनि: क्रुद्धों दृष्टवा निहतमात्मजम्‌ | अभिदुद्राव वेगेन पाज्चाल्यं युद्धदुर्मदम्‌,अपने पुत्रको मारा गया देख संयमनकुमार शलने कुपित होकर रणदुर्मद पांचालराजकुमार धृष्टद्युम्नपर बड़े वेगसे धावा किया

Transliteration

tataḥ sāṃyamaniḥ kruddho dṛṣṭvā nihatam ātmajam | abhidudrāva vegena pāñcālyaṃ yuddha-durmadam ||

Translation

サンジャヤは言った。ついでサーンヤマニは、わが子が討たれたのを見て憤激し、戦の狂気に酔うパンチャーラ王子ドリシュタデュムナへ、猛烈な勢いで突進した。

Word by Word

• ततः: then, thereafter
• ततः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः
• Form: Avyaya (ablatival adverb: 'from that/thereupon')

• सांयमनिḥ: the son of Saṃyamana (Saṃyamanī)
• सांयमनिḥ: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सांयमनि (सांयमनिः)
• Form: Masculine, nominative singular

• क्रुद्धः: angry
• क्रुद्धः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्रुद्ध (from √क्रुध्)
• Form: Masculine, nominative singular

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दृश्
• Form: Absolutive (क्त्वा), indeclinable

• निहतम्: slain
• निहतम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निहत (from √हन् with नि-)
• Form: Masculine, accusative singular (agreeing with आत्मजम्)

• आत्मजम्: his son
• आत्मजम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: आत्मज
• Form: Masculine, accusative singular

• अभिदुद्राव: rushed/ran towards
• Type: Verb
• Root: √द्रु (with अभि-)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd person singular, parasmaipada

• वेगेन: with speed, swiftly
• वेगेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: वेग
• Form: Masculine, instrumental singular

• पाञ्चाल्यम्: the Pāñcāla prince (Dhr̥ṣṭadyumna)
• पाञ्चाल्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाञ्चाल्य
• Form: Masculine, accusative singular

• युद्ध-दुर्मदम्: maddened by battle / arrogant in battle
• युद्ध-दुर्मदम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दुर्मद (with युद्ध as qualifier)
• Form: Masculine, accusative singular (agreeing with पाञ्चाल्यम्)

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Sāṃyamani (Saṃyamana-kumāra)
• Dhṛṣṭadyumna
• Pāñcāla

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse underscores how personal loss in war quickly turns into wrath and vengeance, showing the ethical tension between kṣatriya retaliation and the destabilizing power of grief-driven anger.

What is happening in the narrative?

After seeing his son killed, Sāṃyamani becomes furious and charges at the Pāñcāla prince Dhṛṣṭadyumna with great speed, escalating the combat through immediate reprisal.