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Shloka 19

भीमसेनस्य गदायुद्ध-प्रभावः

The Battlefield Impact of Bhīmasena’s Mace Combat

उद्भूतं सहसा भौम॑ नागाश्वरथपत्तिभि: | दिवाकररथं प्राप्प रजस्तीव्रमदृश्यत,उस समय हाथी, घोड़े, रथ और पैदल सैनिकोंद्वारा उड़ायी हुई धरतीकी तीव्र धूल सहसा सूर्यके रथतक पहुँचकर सब ओर व्याप्त दिखायी देने लगी

udbhūtaṃ sahasā bhaumaṃ nāgāśvarathapattibhiḥ | divākararathaṃ prāpya rajastīvram adṛśyata |

サンジャヤは言った。「たちまち、象・馬・戦車・歩兵が蹴り上げた大地の激しい砂塵が巻き上がり、太陽の戦車にまで届くかのように高く昇って四方に広がり、戦場は見分けがつかぬほどにかすんだ。」

उद्भूतम्arisen, raised up
उद्भूतम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउद्भूत (उद्+√भू)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
सहसाsuddenly
सहसा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसहसा
भौमम्earthy, of the ground
भौमम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootभौम
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
नागelephants
नाग:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootनाग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अश्वhorses
अश्व:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
रथchariots
रथ:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पत्तिभिःby foot-soldiers
पत्तिभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपत्ति
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
दिवाकरof the sun
दिवाकर:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदिवाकर
FormMasculine, Genitive (in compound), Singular
रथम्chariot
रथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्राप्यhaving reached
प्राप्य:
Karma
TypeVerb
Root√आप् (प्र+√आप्)
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा/ल्यप्), Parasmaipada (usage)
रजःdust
रजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरजस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तीव्रम्intense, thick
तीव्रम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootतीव्र
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अदृश्यतwas seen, appeared
अदृश्यत:
Karta
TypeVerb
Root√दृश्
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada (passive sense)

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
T
the Sun (Divākara)
S
Sun’s chariot (Divākararatha)
E
elephants
H
horses
C
chariots
I
infantry
D
dust (rajas)

Educational Q&A

Though primarily descriptive, the verse highlights a recurring epic insight: war rapidly clouds vision—literally with dust and figuratively with confusion—making discernment and right judgment (dharma-buddhi) harder amid collective violence.

As the armies surge, the movement of elephants, horses, chariots, and infantry throws up thick dust. It rises so high that it seems to reach the Sun’s chariot and spreads everywhere, obscuring visibility across the battlefield.