Shloka 66

Daiva–Puruṣakāra Discourse and the Elephant-Corps Engagement (भीमगजानीक-सम्भ्रान्ति)

Devanagari script

अपरे चैनमालोक्य भयात्‌ पज्चत्वमागता: । एवं सा बहुला सेना कलिज्जानां तरस्विनाम्‌

Transliteration

apare cainam ālokya bhayāt pañcatvam āgatāḥ | evaṃ sā bahulā senā kaliñjānāṃ tarasvinām ||

Translation

サञ्जयは語った。ほかの者たちは、ただ彼を見ただけで恐怖に呑まれ、命を落とした。かくして、勇猛なるカリンガの大軍はそのような有様となった――ただ一人の恐るべき戦士を前に、恐怖がその力を解き崩したのである。

Word by Word

• अपरे: others
• अपरे: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अपर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• एनम्: him
• एनम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• आलोक्य: having seen
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + लोक्
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund)

• भयात्: from fear
• भयात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: भय
• Form: Neuter, Ablative, Singular

• पञ्चत्वम्: the state of five-ness (death)
• पञ्चत्वम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पञ्चत्व
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• आगताः: having gone/come (reached)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + गम्
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• एवम्: thus
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम्

• सा: that
• सा: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• बहुला: numerous, abundant
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बहुल
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• सेना: army
• सेना: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सेना
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• कलिज्जानाम्: of the Kaliṅgas (people/warriors)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कलिज्ज
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• तरस्विनाम्: of the mighty/impetuous
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तरस्विन्
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• the Kaliṅgas (Kaliṅga warriors/army)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how fear can collapse even a large and powerful force; inner steadiness and courage are decisive in dharmic and martial trials, while panic leads to ruin.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that, upon seeing a particular warrior (referred to as 'him'), some soldiers died from sheer terror, and the great contingent of the valiant Kaliṅgas was thrown into devastation.