Shloka 11

Saubhadra under Concentrated Assault; Pārṣata’s Intervention and Escalation

Devanagari script

उस समय मैंने वहाँ धृष्टद्युम्नका अद्भुत पराक्रम देखा। वह वीर समरांगणमें अकेला ही पर्वतके समान अविचल भावसे खड़ा रहा

Transliteration

tadā mayā tatra dhṛṣṭadyumnasya adbhutaṁ parākramaṁ dṛṣṭam | sa vīraḥ samarāṅgaṇe ekākī eva parvata-samo ’vicala-bhāvena tiṣṭhat sma |

Translation

サञ्जयは語った。「その時、私はそこでドリシュタデュムナの驚くべき武勇を目の当たりにした。あの英雄は戦場にただ一人立ち、山のごとく揺るがず—戦の騒乱のただ中にあって不動の決意を体現していた。」

Word by Word

• तदा: then/at that time
• तदा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा
• Form: Avyaya (temporal adverb)

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अहम्
• Form: Pronoun; masculine; nominative; singular

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र
• Form: Avyaya (locative adverb)

• धृष्टद्युम्नस्य: of Dhrishtadyumna
• धृष्टद्युम्नस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: धृष्टद्युम्न
• Form: Masculine; genitive; singular

• अद्भुतम्: wonderful/astonishing
• अद्भुतम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अद्भुत
• Form: Neuter; accusative; singular

• पराक्रमम्: valor/prowess
• पराक्रमम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पराक्रम
• Form: Masculine; accusative; singular

• अपश्यम्: I saw
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्); 1st person; singular; parasmaipada

• सः: he/that (hero)
• सः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Pronoun; masculine; nominative; singular

• वीरः: hero/warrior
• वीरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वीर
• Form: Masculine; nominative; singular

• समराङ्गणे: in the battlefield
• समराङ्गणे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: समराङ्गण
• Form: Neuter; locative; singular

• एकः: alone/one
• एकः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एक
• Form: Masculine; nominative; singular

• एव: indeed/just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव
• Form: Avyaya (emphatic particle)

• पर्वतवत्: like a mountain
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पर्वतवत्
• Form: Avyaya (vat-pratyaya; comparative adverb)

• अविचलभावेन: with an unmoving/steadfast disposition
• अविचलभावेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अविचलभाव
• Form: Masculine; instrumental; singular

• स्थितः: stood/was standing
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्था
• Form: Past passive participle; masculine; nominative; singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛṣṭadyumna
• samarāṅgaṇa (battlefield)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights steadfast courage: true valor is not only striking power but unwavering composure and resolve in the face of danger—an ideal associated with kṣatriya-dharma in a righteous battle.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that he personally witnessed Dhṛṣṭadyumna’s extraordinary heroism: standing alone in the thick of battle, immovable and firm like a mountain.