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Shloka 16

भीष्मधनंजयद्वैरथम्

Bhīṣma–Dhanaṃjaya Duel and the Opening Clash

तमब्रवीद्‌ वासुदेवो यत्तो भव धनंजय । एष त्वां प्रापयिष्यामि पितामहरथं प्रति,तब भगवान्‌ श्रीकृष्णने कहा--*धनंजय! सावधान हो जाओ। अभी तुम्हें भीष्मके रथके समीप पहुँचाये देता हूँ”

tam abravīd vāsudevo yatto bhava dhanañjaya | eṣa tvāṁ prāpayiṣyāmi pitāmaha-rathaṁ prati ||

サンジャヤは言った。ヴァースデーヴァ(シュリー・クリシュナ)はダナンジャヤ(アルジュナ)に告げた。「警戒し、心を整えよ。いま汝を大祖(ビーシュマ)の戦車の近くへ導こう。」

तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अब्रवीत्said/spoke
अब्रवीत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
वासुदेवःVasudeva (Krishna)
वासुदेवः:
Karta
TypeNoun (Proper)
Rootवासुदेव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यत्तःalert, attentive
यत्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootयत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवbe (become)
भव:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormImperative (Lot), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
धनंजयO Dhananjaya (Arjuna)
धनंजय:
TypeNoun (Proper/Vocative epithet)
Rootधनंजय
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
एषःthis (I)
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्वाम्you
त्वाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormAccusative, Singular
प्रापयिष्यामिI will bring/lead (you) to
प्रापयिष्यामि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-आप् (प्रापयति, causative of प्र-आप्)
FormSimple Future (Lrt), 1st, Singular, Parasmaipada
पितामह-रथम्the grandsire's chariot (Bhishma's chariot)
पितामह-रथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपितामह-रथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्रतिtowards, in the direction of
प्रति:
TypeIndeclinable (Preposition)
Rootप्रति

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
V
Vāsudeva (Śrī Kṛṣṇa)
D
Dhanañjaya (Arjuna)
P
Pitāmaha (Bhīṣma)
R
ratha (chariot)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights disciplined alertness (yattaḥ) as an ethical necessity in action: even in war, one must act with composure, clarity of aim, and guidance, not with confusion or rash emotion.

Sañjaya narrates that Kṛṣṇa, serving as Arjuna’s charioteer, instructs Arjuna to be ready and then maneuvers the chariot toward Bhīṣma’s chariot, indicating a deliberate tactical engagement with the foremost elder-warrior.