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Shloka 27

Bhīmasena’s Kalinga Engagement and the Approach of Bhīṣma (भीमसेन-कालिङ्ग-संग्रामः)

साश्वारोहान्‌ विषाणाग्रैरुत्क्षिप्प तुरगान्‌ गजा: । रथौघानभिमृद्नन्त: सध्वजानभिचक्रमु:

sāśvārōhān viṣāṇāgrair utkṣipya turagān gajāḥ | rathaughān abhimṛdnantaḥ sadhvajān abhicakramuḥ ||

サンジャヤは言った。象たちは牙の先で騎手ごと馬を持ち上げ、旗を掲げた戦車の群れを足下に踏み砕きながら、戦場を縦横に駆け巡った——それは、武勇も命も一瞬で覆してしまう、戦の圧殺する力の姿であった。

साश्वारोहान्horsemen (together with riders)
साश्वारोहान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस + अश्वारोह (अश्व + आरोह)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
विषाणाग्रैःwith the tips of (their) tusks
विषाणाग्रैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootविषाणाग्र (विषाण + अग्र)
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
उत्क्षिप्यhaving tossed up
उत्क्षिप्य:
TypeVerb
Rootउत् + क्षिप्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund)
तुरगान्horses
तुरगान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतुरग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
गजाःelephants
गजाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
रथौघान्masses/streams of chariots
रथौघान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथौघ (रथ + ओघ)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अभिमृद्नन्तःcrushing/trampling
अभिमृद्नन्तः:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि + मृद्
FormPresent participle (Parasmaipada), Plural
सध्वजान्with (their) banners/flags
सध्वजान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस + ध्वज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अभिचक्रमुःthey moved about/roamed
अभिचक्रमुः:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि + क्रम्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
E
elephants (gajāḥ)
H
horses (turagāḥ)
H
horsemen (aśvārōhāḥ)
C
chariots (rathāḥ)
B
banners/standards (dhvajāḥ)
B
battlefield (raṇabhūmi, implied)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the overwhelming, indiscriminate destructiveness of war: even the proud instruments of royal power—horses, chariots, banners—are easily shattered. It implicitly invites reflection on impermanence and the grave ethical weight borne by those who choose or sustain battle.

Sañjaya describes the combat at Kurukṣetra: elephants are charging through the field, hooking and tossing horses with riders using their tusks and trampling chariot formations along with their standards as they move about in the fray.