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Shloka 20

Arjuna–Bhīṣma Strategic Engagement and Mutual Arrow-Interdiction (भीष्मार्जुनसमागमः)

तस्मिन्‌ प्रथमसंग्रामे भीमज्यातलनिःस्वने । तावकानां परेषां च नासीत्‌ कश्चित्‌ पराड्मुख:,उस प्रथम संग्राममें जब भयानक धनुषोंकी टंकार तथा ताल ठोंकनेकी आवाज हो रही थी, आपके तथा पाण्डवोंके दलमें भी कोई युद्धसे विमुख नहीं हुआ

tasmin prathama-saṅgrāme bhīma-jyā-tala-niḥsvane | tāvakānāṃ pareṣāṃ ca nāsīt kaścit parāṅmukhaḥ ||

サञ्जयは語った。あの最初の激突において、恐るべき弓弦の轟きと、挑戦のために腕を打ち鳴らす響きが満ちる中、そなたの子らの軍にも、敵方の軍にも、戦いから顔を背ける者は一人としていなかった。

तस्मिन्in that
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
प्रथम-संग्रामेin the first battle
प्रथम-संग्रामे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रथम + संग्राम
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
भीम-जयातल-निःस्वनेamid the dreadful twang/roar of bowstrings
भीम-जयातल-निःस्वने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभीम + ज्यातल + निःस्वन
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तावकानाम्of your (people/side)
तावकानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootतावक
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
परेषाम्of the others (the opposing side)
परेषाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आसीत्was
आसीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular
कश्चित्anyone (someone)
कश्चित्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पराङ्मुखःturned away; facing away (from battle)
पराङ्मुखः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपराङ्मुख
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'tāvakānām')
K
Kauravas (tāvakāḥ)
P
Pāṇḍavas and allies (pare)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights steadfastness in one’s chosen duty: in the opening engagement, neither side faltered or turned away. Ethically, it frames the battlefield as a test of resolve and kṣatriya-dharma—courage and commitment, regardless of which side one serves.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that at the very start of the war, the field thundered with bowstring twangs and warriors’ challenge-cries/arm-slaps, and that no warrior among the Kauravas or the opposing forces retreated or lost heart.