Shloka 22
Abhimanyu’s Assault on Bhīṣma’s Screen; Banner-Felling and Reinforcements (सौभद्र-भीष्म-समरः)
अदेशकाले यद् दानमपात्रेभ्यश्व दीयते । असत्कृतमवज्ञातं तत् तामसमुदाह्ृतम्,जो दान बिना सत्कारके” अथवा तिरस्कारपूर्वक* अयोग्य देश-कालमें* और कुपात्रके* प्रति दिया जाता है, वह दान तामस कहा गया है
adeśa-kāle yad dānam apātrebhyaś ca dīyate | asat-kṛtam avajñātaṁ tat tāmasam udāhṛtam ||
アルジュナは言った。「不適切な場所と時に、ふさわしからぬ者へ—敬意なく、侮りをもって与えられる施し—それはターマス（tāmasika）の布施であると宣言される。」
अजुन उवाच
Educational Q&A
Charity becomes tamasic when it is given without discernment (wrong place/time, unworthy recipient) and without respect—especially when accompanied by contempt or humiliation. The verse emphasizes that ethical giving requires propriety and honor, not mere transfer of wealth.
Within Bhishma Parva’s teaching context, Arjuna is presented as speaking a doctrinal classification of giving by the three guṇas. This verse defines the tamasic form of dāna by its circumstances (adeśa-kāla, apātra) and the giver’s degrading attitude (asat-kṛta, avajñāta).