Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 7

Nirmaryāda-saṃgrāma-varṇana — The Unbounded Clash and Bhīṣma’s Rallying Presence

हे अर्जुन! इस लोकमें भूतोंकी सृष्टि यानी मनुष्यसमुदाय दो ही प्रकारका है,” एक तो दैवी प्रकृतिवाला और दूसरा आसुरी प्रकृतिवाला। उनमेंसे दैवी प्रकृतिवाला तो विस्तारपूर्वक कहा गया, अब तू आसुरी प्रकृतिवाले मनुष्यसमुदायको भी विस्तारपूर्वक मुझसे सुन ।। प्रवृत्ति च निवृत्ति च जना न विदुरासुरा: । न शौचं नापि चाचारो न सत्य तेषु विद्यते,आसुरस्वभाववाले मनुष्य प्रवृत्ति और निवृत्ति--इन दोनोंको ही नहीं जानते52। इसलिये उनमें न तो बाहर-भीतरकी शुद्धि है, न श्रेष्ठ आचरण है और न सत्यभाषण ही है

arjuna uvāca | pravṛttiṁ ca nivṛttiṁ ca janā na vidur āsurāḥ | na śaucaṁ nāpi cācāro na satyaṁ teṣu vidyate ||

アルジュナよ。この世における衆生の生起、すなわち人の群れは二種のみである。神性の प्रक性をもつ者と、阿修羅の प्रक性をもつ者とだ。神性の者はすでに詳しく説いた。いまは阿修羅性の人々についても、わたしから詳しく聞け。阿修羅の性をもつ者は、なすべきこととなすべからざること、そのいずれも知らぬ。ゆえに彼らには内外の清浄もなく、正しい行いもなく、真実の言葉もない。

प्रवृत्तिम्activity; worldly engagement
प्रवृत्तिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रवृत्ति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
निवृत्तिम्withdrawal; renunciation
निवृत्तिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिवृत्ति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
जनाःpeople
जनाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विदुःknow
विदुः:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormPerfect (Paroksha/Periphrastic perfect sense in usage: 'know'), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
आसुराःdemonic (people)
आसुराः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootआसुर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
शौचम्purity; cleanliness
शौचम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशौच
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिeven; also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आचारःproper conduct; good practice
आचारः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआचार
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सत्यम्truth; truthfulness
सत्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसत्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तेषुin them
तेषु:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Plural
विद्यतेexists; is found
विद्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada

अजुन उवाच

A
Arjuna
Ā
āsurāḥ (people of demonic disposition)

Educational Q&A

The verse defines the ethical blindness of the āsuric temperament: it cannot discriminate between rightful engagement (pravṛtti) and rightful restraint (nivṛtti). This lack of discernment manifests as absence of purity, good conduct, and truth—three pillars of moral life.

In the Bhīṣma Parva context, a discourse is distinguishing types of human dispositions. Here, the speaker characterizes the āsuric type by its failure to recognize moral boundaries and by the resulting collapse of personal and social virtues.