Shloka 43

कर्मयोग–ज्ञानयज्ञ–अवतारोपदेश

Karma-Yoga, Jñāna-Yajña, and Avatāra Instruction

Devanagari script

कामात्मान: स्वर्गपरा जन्मकर्मफलप्रदाम्‌ । क्रियाविशेषबहुलां भोगैश्वर्यगतिं प्रति

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca | kāmātmānaḥ svargaparā janma-karma-phala-pradām | kriyā-viśeṣa-bahulāṁ bhogaiśvarya-gatiṁ prati ||

Translation

サンジャヤは言った。「欲望を本性とし、天界を最高の目的とし、再生と儀礼行為の果報を約束する教説—享楽と世俗の権勢を得るための特別な儀式に満ちたもの—を唱える者たちは、そのような華美で見せかけの言葉を語る。その言葉に心を奪われ、快楽と支配に執着するゆえに、彼らは至上者へ向かう揺るぎない決断の बुद्धि を得ない。」

Word by Word

• कामात्मानः: those whose self is desire; desire-driven persons
• कामात्मानः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कामात्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• स्वर्गपराः: having heaven as the highest goal
• स्वर्गपराः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्वर्गपर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• जन्मकर्मफलप्रदाम्: granting birth and the fruits of actions
• जन्मकर्मफलप्रदाम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जन्मकर्मफलप्रदा
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• क्रियाविशेषबहुलाम्: abounding in various specific rites/actions
• क्रियाविशेषबहुलाम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्रियाविशेषबहुला
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• भोगैश्वर्यगतिम्: the course/attainment of enjoyment and lordship
• भोगैश्वर्यगतिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भोगैश्वर्यगति
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• प्रति: towards
• प्रति: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रति

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sanjaya
• Svarga (heaven)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Desire-driven people who treat heaven, pleasure, and power as the highest goals become captivated by ornate Vedic-sounding promises of ritual rewards; such attachment prevents firm, God-oriented discernment and steadiness of understanding.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sanjaya reports the teaching being given to Arjuna: a critique of those who cling to reward-centered ritual speech and pursue enjoyment and prosperity, contrasting them with the ideal of resolute spiritual understanding aimed at the Supreme.