Shloka 4

Karma-Yoga, Yajña-Cakra, and the Governance of Desire (कर्मयोग–यज्ञचक्र–कामनिग्रह)

Devanagari script

अत्र शूरा महेष्वासा भीमार्जुनसमा युधि । युयुधानो विराटश्न द्रुपदश्च महारथ:

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca |

atra śūrā maheṣvāsā bhīmārjunasamā yudhi |

yuyudhāno virāṭaś ca drupadaś ca mahārathaḥ ||

Translation

サンジャヤは言った。「ここには勇士たち、偉大なる弓の使い手がいる。戦場においてビーマとアルジュナに比肩する者たち――ユユダーナ（サーティヤキ）、ヴィラータ、そして大車戦士たるドルパダ王である。」

Word by Word

• अत्र: here
• अत्र: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अत्र
• Form: true

• शूराः: heroes, brave men
• शूराः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: शूर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• महेष्वासाः: great bowmen (those having great bows)
• महेष्वासाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: महेष्वास
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• भीम: with Bhima
• भीम: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीम
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• अर्जुन: with Arjuna
• अर्जुन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्जुन
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• समाः: equal (to)
• समाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• युधि: in battle
• युधि: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: युध्
• Form: Feminine, Locative, Singular

• युयुधानः: Yuyudhana (Satyaki)
• युयुधानः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: युयुधान
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• विराटः: Virata
• विराटः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: विराट
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च
• Form: true

• द्रुपदः: Drupada
• द्रुपदः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रुपद
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च
• Form: true

• महारथः: a great chariot-warrior
• महारथः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: महारथ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sanjaya
• Bhima
• Arjuna
• Yuyudhana (Satyaki)
• Virata
• Drupada

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse underscores accountability in dharma: when highly capable warriors assemble, the conflict is not accidental or trivial. Strength and skill intensify moral responsibility, reminding leaders that choices in war carry profound consequences.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sanjaya continues listing prominent fighters on the Pandava side, identifying Satyaki (Yuyudhana), Virata, and Drupada as great bowmen and mighty chariot-warriors, comparable in prowess to Bhima and Arjuna.