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Shloka 23

तस्मिंस्तु दशमे प्राप्ते दिवसे भरतर्षभ । भीष्मेणैकेन मत्स्येषु पज्चालेषु च संयुगे

sañjaya uvāca |

tasmiṃstu daśame prāpte divase bharatarṣabha |

bhīṣmeṇaikena matsyeṣu pāñcāleṣu ca saṃyuge |

śikṣābalena nihataṃ pitrā tava viśāṃpate ||

サンジャヤは言った。「バーラタ族の雄牛よ、第十日が到来したとき、ビーシュマただ一人が、マツヤとパンチャーラに対する合戦において、己が武の教練の力によって無数の戦士を打ち倒した。民の主よ、汝にとって父にも等しい長老ビーシュマは、武器の鍛錬に裏打ちされたその威力により、あの大戦において甚大な殺戮を成し遂げた。」

तस्मिन्in that
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
दशमेon the tenth
दशमे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootदशम
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
प्राप्तेhaving arrived/when (it) had come
प्राप्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-आप्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
दिवसेon the day
दिवसे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदिवस
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
भरतर्षभO bull among the Bharatas
भरतर्षभ:
TypeNoun
Rootभरत-ऋषभ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
भीष्मेणby Bhishma
भीष्मेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
एकेनalone/by one (man)
एकेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
मत्स्येषुamong the Matsyas
मत्स्येषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमत्स्य
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
पाञ्चालेषुamong the Panchalas
पाञ्चालेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपाञ्चाल
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
संयुगेin the battle
संयुगे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंयुग
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
शिक्षा-बलेनby the strength of training/skill
शिक्षा-बलेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशिक्षा-बल
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
निहतम्slain/killed
निहतम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootनि-हन्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Accusative, Singular
पित्राby (your) father
पित्रा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
तवof you/your
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
विशाम्पतेO lord of the people
विशाम्पते:
TypeNoun
Rootविशाम्-पति
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
Bhīṣma
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
M
Matsya (kingdom/people)
P
Pāñcāla (kingdom/people)
K
Kurukṣetra war (Mahābhārata battle context)

Educational Q&A

The verse foregrounds the formidable power of disciplined training (śikṣā-bala) in a kṣatriya context, while implicitly raising the ethical weight of warfare: mastery and duty can produce vast destruction, and the epic’s narration invites reflection on the cost of dharma pursued through battle.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that on the tenth day of the Kurukṣetra war, Bhīṣma alone fought fiercely against forces associated with Matsya and Pañcāla, killing large numbers through his superior training and weapon-skill.