Shloka 40

Śākadvīpa–Pramāṇa–Varṇana

Measurements and Description of Śākadvīpa

Devanagari script

स्वर्भानो: कौरवश्रेष्ठ यावदेव प्रमाणत: । परिमण्डलो महाराज स्वर्भानु: श्रूयते ग्रह:

Transliteration

svarbhānoḥ kauravaśreṣṭha yāvad eva pramāṇataḥ | parimaṇḍalo mahārāja svarbhānuḥ śrūyate grahaḥ ||

Translation

サञ्जयは言った。「おお、クル族のうち最もすぐれた方よ。知られている限りの尺度に従い、スヴァルバーヌ（ラーフ）の広がりをお告げしよう。大王よ、スヴァルバーヌは惑星として語られ、その形は円輪のごとく円いと聞く。」

Word by Word

• [{'term': 'svarbhānuḥ', 'definition': 'Svarbhānu

• a name associated with Rāhu, the eclipse-causing celestial being/‘planet’ in traditional astronomy'}, {'term': 'kauravaśreṣṭha', 'definition': 'best among the Kurus

• an honorific address (to Dhṛtarāṣṭra)'}, {'term': 'yāvat eva', 'definition': 'just so much as

• to the extent that'}, {'term': 'pramāṇataḥ', 'definition': 'according to measure

• in terms of dimensions/extent'}, {'term': 'parimaṇḍalaḥ', 'definition': 'circular

• round in shape'}, {'term': 'mahārāja', 'definition': 'great king

• royal address'}, {'term': 'śrūyate', 'definition': 'is heard of

• is traditionally reported/known'}, {'term': 'grahaḥ', 'definition': '‘seizer’

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra
• Svarbhānu (Rāhu)
• Kuru lineage (Kaurava)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse emphasizes reliance on received tradition and measured description (pramāṇa) when speaking about cosmic phenomena, presenting knowledge as something reported and bounded by what is known.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya continues a cosmological account, shifting from describing islands to describing celestial bodies, and introduces Svarbhānu (Rāhu), stating its reputed size and its circular form.