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Shloka 31

Yuga-Lakṣaṇa and Varṣa-Pramāṇa Inquiry (युगलक्षण–वर्षप्रमाण–प्रश्न)

प्रजास्तत्र विवर्धन्ते वर्षास्विव समुद्रगा: । नद्यः पुण्यजलास्तत्र गड़ा च बहुधा गता,जैसे वर्षा-ऋतुमें समुद्रगामिनी नदियाँ बढ़ जाती हैं, उसी प्रकार वहाँकी समस्त प्रजा सदा वृद्धिको प्राप्त होती रहती है। उस द्वीपमें अनेक पवित्र जलवाली नदियाँ बहती हैं। वहाँ गंगा भी अनेक धाराओंमें विभक्त देखी जाती हैं

prajās tatra vivardhante varṣāsv iva samudragāḥ | nadyaḥ puṇyajalās tatra gaṅgā ca bahudhā gatā ||

サञ्जयは言った。「そこでは民が絶えず栄え増してゆく。雨季に海へ注ぐ川々が水かさを増すように。あの島には聖なる水をたたえた多くの河が流れ、ガンガーさえも幾筋もの流れに分かれて見える。」

प्रजाःsubjects, people
प्रजाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
विवर्धन्तेgrow, prosper, increase
विवर्धन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootवृध्
FormPresent, Atmanepada, Third, Plural
वर्षासुin the rainy seasons
वर्षासु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवर्षा
FormFeminine, Locative, Plural
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
समुद्रगाःsea-going (rivers that go to the ocean)
समुद्रगाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसमुद्रग
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
नद्यःrivers
नद्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनदी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
पुण्यजलाःhaving holy/pure water
पुण्यजलाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपुण्यजला
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
गङ्गाthe Ganga
गङ्गा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगङ्गा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
बहुधाin many ways / into many (streams)
बहुधा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootबहुधा
गताःgone; flowing (having gone)
गताः:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Feminine, Nominative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
P
prajāḥ (the people/subjects)
S
samudra (the ocean/sea)
N
nadī (rivers)
G
Gaṅgā

Educational Q&A

The verse uses sacred-river imagery to convey an ethical ideal of a well-ordered realm: when conditions are auspicious and dharmic, the people naturally flourish, and the land is marked by purity and life-giving waters.

Sañjaya continues a descriptive passage about a blessed region (an ‘island’/dvīpa), emphasizing its abundance: the populace thrives, many holy rivers flow there, and the Gaṅgā itself appears in multiple channels.