Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 4

Adhyāya 107 — बहुयुद्धप्रकरणम्

Multiple Defensive Engagements to Protect Bhīṣma

ते वध्यमाना: पार्थेन कालेनेव युगक्षये । व्यद्रवन्त रणे राजन्‌ भये जाते महारथा:,राजन! जैसे युगान्तमें साक्षात्‌ कालके द्वारा सारी प्रजा मारी जाती है, उसी प्रकार रणक्षेत्रमें अर्जुनके द्वारा मारे जाते हुए सारे महारथी युद्धका मैदान छोड़कर भागने लगे

te vadhyamānāḥ pārthena kāleneva yugakṣaye | vyadravanta raṇe rājan bhaye jāte mahārathāḥ ||

サンジャヤは言った。「王よ、劫の終わりに時(カーラ)そのものが万有を刈り倒すがごとく、戦場にてパールタ(アルジュナ)に討たれた大車戦士たちは恐怖にとらわれ、隊列を崩して逃げ去った。」

तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वध्यमानाःbeing slain
वध्यमानाः:
Karma
TypeParticiple
Rootवध्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, शानच् (present passive participle), Passive
पार्थेनby Partha (Arjuna)
पार्थेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
कालेनby Time/Death
कालेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
इवas/like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
युगक्षयेat the end of an age (yuga)
युगक्षये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुगक्षय
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
व्यद्रवन्तthey fled/ran away
व्यद्रवन्त:
TypeVerb
Rootद्रु
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada, वि
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
भयेwhen fear (was present)
भये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभय
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
जातेhaving arisen / when (it) arose
जाते:
TypeParticiple
Rootजन्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle), Passive
महारथाःgreat chariot-warriors
महारथाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
A
Arjuna (Pārtha)
M
mahārathas (great chariot-warriors)
B
battlefield (raṇa)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames battlefield defeat through the ethical-cosmic lens of Kāla (Time/Death): even the mightiest warriors are subject to fear and collapse when confronted by overwhelming force, reminding the listener that power and valor are ultimately bounded by destiny and the inexorable movement of Time.

Sañjaya reports to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Arjuna is cutting down opposing champions so decisively that many elite chariot-warriors, panic-stricken, abandon the fight and flee the field, likened to beings perishing at the yuga’s end under Time itself.