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Shloka 4

Rājagṛhe Magadheśvarasya yuddhāhvānam — Arjunena saṃyamaḥ

The Rājagṛha Challenge and Arjuna’s Restraint

ततोड<र्चितो ययौ राजंस्तदा स तुरगोत्तम: । काशीनगान्‌ कोसलांश्व किरातानथ तड़णान्‌,राजन्‌! शरभसे पूजित हो वह उत्तम अश्व काशी, कोसल, किरात और तड़ण आदि जनपदोंमें गया

tato 'rcito yayau rājan tadā sa turagottamaḥ | kāśīn agān kośalāṃś ca kirātān atha taṅgaṇān ||

ヴァイシャンパーヤナは言った。「ついで、王よ、しかるべく礼遇を受けたその最上の馬は出立し、カーシーとコーサラの国々へ、さらにキラータとタンガナ(Taṅgaṇa)の地へと赴いた。」

ततःthen/from there
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
Formindeclinable (ablatival adverb)
अर्चितःhonoured, worshipped
अर्चितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअर्च्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular (past passive participle)
ययौwent
ययौ:
TypeVerb
Rootया
Formperfect, 3rd person, singular, parasmaipada
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
Formindeclinable
सःhe/that (one)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
तुरग-उत्तमःthe best horse
तुरग-उत्तमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतुरग + उत्तम
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
काशीन्the Kashi people/region
काशीन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकाशी
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
अगात्went/reached
अगात्:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
Formaorist, 3rd person, singular, parasmaipada
कोसलान्the Kosala people/region
कोसलान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकोसल
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formindeclinable
किरातान्the Kiratas
किरातान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकिरात
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
अथthen/and next
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
Formindeclinable
तङ्गणान्the Tangana people
तङ्गणान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतङ्गण
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formmasculine, vocative, singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
A
Aśvamedha horse (turagottama)
K
Kāśī
K
Kośala
K
Kirātas
T
Taṅgaṇas

Educational Q&A

Legitimate rule is affirmed through dharmic recognition—honor, hospitality, and consent—rather than mere force; the Aśvamedha horse’s respected passage symbolizes orderly sovereignty grounded in ritual and social acknowledgment.

After being properly received, the sacrificial horse continues its prescribed roaming, moving through Kāśī, Kośala, and onward to regions associated with the Kirātas and Taṅgaṇas, marking the spread and acknowledgment of the sacrificer’s authority.