Shloka 48
Mind as Charioteer; Kṣetrajña, Tapas, and Dhyāna-Yoga
Adhyātma-Upadeśa
Devanagari script
शब्दस्पर्शीं च विज्ञेयौ द्विगुणो वायुरुच्यते
Transliteration
śabdasparśīṃ ca vijñeyau dviguṇo vāyur ucyate
Translation
ヴァーユ神は言った。「音と触とを、その固有の性質として知るべきである。ゆえに風は、この二つの感覚的性質を担うがゆえに『二重』と説かれる。」
Word by Word
शब्दस्पर्शीhaving (the qualities of) sound and touch
शब्दस्पर्शी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशब्दस्पर्शिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
विज्ञेयौto be known / should be understood
विज्ञेयौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविज्ञेय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
द्विगुणःtwofold / having two qualities
द्विगुणः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootद्विगुण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वायुःwind (air)
वायुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवायु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उच्यतेis said / is called
उच्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada, Passive
Speaker
वायुदेव उवाच
Characters & Entities
V
Vāyu (Wind-god)Ś
śabda (sound)S
sparśa (touch)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse teaches an elemental doctrine: the air principle (vāyu) is characterized by two perceptible qualities—sound and touch—so it is termed ‘twofold’ (dviguṇa). This frames knowledge of the world through discernible properties rather than mere names.
Vāyu-deva is delivering a didactic explanation about the nature of the elements and their defining sensory qualities, classifying vāyu by the properties it carries (sound and touch).