Shloka 3

Sāttvika-vṛtta-kathana (Brahmā on the Conduct of Sattva) — Chapter 38

Devanagari script

क्षमा धृतिरहिंसा च समता सत्यमार्जवम्‌ | अक्रोधश्वानसूया च शौचं दाक्ष्यं पराक्रम:,आनन्द, प्रसन्नता, उन्नति, प्रकाश, सुख, कृपणताका अभाव, निर्भयता, संतोष, श्रद्धा, क्षमा, धैर्य, अहिंसा, समता, सत्य, सरलता, क्रोधका अभाव, किसीके दोष न देखना, पवित्रता, चतुरता और पराक्रम--ये सत्त्वगुणके कार्य हैं

Transliteration

kṣamā dhṛtir ahiṃsā ca samatā satyam ārjavam | akrodhaś cān asūyā ca śaucaṃ dākṣyaṃ parākramaḥ ||

Translation

風神ヴァーユは言った。「忍耐、堅固、アヒンサー（不殺生・非暴力）、平等心、真実、率直さ。怒りなきこと、他人の過失をあげつらわぬこと、清浄、巧みさ、そして勇武——これらこそサットヴァ（sattva-guṇa）の性質を示すしるしである。」

Word by Word

क्षमाforbearance, forgiveness

धृतिःsteadfastness, fortitude

अहिंसाnon-violence

चand

समताequanimity, equality

सत्यम्truth

आर्जवम्straightforwardness, sincerity

अक्रोधःabsence of anger

अनसूयाnon-envy, not fault-finding

चand

शौचम्purity, cleanliness

दाक्ष्यम्skill, dexterity

पराक्रमःvalor, prowess

Speaker

वायुदेव उवाच

Characters & Entities

Vāyu-deva

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse lists the hallmark virtues that arise from sattva—clarity and harmony of mind—such as forgiveness, steadiness, non-violence, truth, straightforwardness, freedom from anger, non-carping, purity, competence, and valor.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vāyu-deva is instructing by defining ethical qualities, specifically identifying which traits are to be recognized as the ‘functions’ or manifestations of the sattva-guṇa.