Shloka 20
तमोगुण-निरूपण
Analysis of Tamas and its Marks
अतिवादो>तितिक्षा च मात्सर्यमभिमानिता | अश्रद्दधानता चैव तामसं वृत्तमिष्यते,अतिवाद, अक्षमा, मत्सरता, अभिमान और अश्रद्धाको भी तमोगुणका बर्ताव माना गया है
ativādo 'titikṣā ca mātsaryam abhimānitā | aśraddadhānatā caiva tāmasaṁ vṛttam iṣyate ||
ヴァーユは言った。「度を越した論争の言葉、忍耐の欠如（不寛容）、嫉み、我慢、そして不信——これらはすべて、タマス（闇と惰性）より生じた行いの相と見なされる。倫理の上では、これらの性向が識別の智慧を曇らせ、人を規律とダルマにかなう正しい行いから遠ざける。」
वायुदेव उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse defines tamasic conduct by listing traits that arise from mental darkness and inertia—contentious speech, intolerance, envy, pride, and lack of faith—implying that ethical life requires cultivating clarity, restraint, and trust in dharma.
Vāyudeva is speaking in an instructive mode, classifying human dispositions according to the guṇas and warning that certain behaviors are signs of tamas, thereby guiding the listener toward more sattvic and disciplined conduct.