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Shloka 223

Brahma-vidyā: Satya–Tapas and the Enumeration of Tattvas

Arjuna–Vāsudeva framed dialogue

छित्त्वा चामरतां प्राप्प जहाति मृत्युजन्मनी । यह देह एक वृक्षके समान है। अज्ञान इसका मूल अंकुर (जड़) है

chittvā cāmaratāṁ prāpya jahāti mṛtyu-janmanī | yaḥ dehaḥ eka-vṛkṣaka-samānaḥ | ajñānaṁ tasya mūla-aṅkuraḥ (jaḍaḥ), buddhiḥ skandhaḥ (tanūḥ), ahaṅkāraḥ śākhā, indriyāṇi suṣirāṇi, pañca mahābhūtāni tasya viśeṣa-avayavāḥ, teṣāṁ bhūtānāṁ viśeṣa-bhedāḥ tasya ṭhaṇḍikāḥ | atra sadā saṅkalpa-rūpāṇi pattāni jāyante, karma-rūpāṇi puṣpāṇi vikasanti | śubhāśubha-karmabhiḥ prāptāni sukha-duḥkhādīni tasya sadā lagna-phālāni | evaṁ brahma-rūpa-bījāt prādurbhūtaḥ pravāha-rūpeṇa sadā vidyamānaḥ deha-rūpa-vṛkṣaḥ sarva-prāṇināṁ jīvana-ādhāraḥ | yaḥ etasya tattvaṁ samyag jñātvā jñāna-rūpayā uttama-khaḍgena enaṁ chittvā amaratvaṁ prāpya janma-mṛtyu-bandhanāt mucyate ||

ヴァーユは言った。「それを断ち倒せば、不死を得て、生と死の輪廻を捨て去る。この身は一本の樹のごとし。無明はその根芽、 बुद्धि(知性)は幹、我執(アハンカーラ)は枝である。諸感官はその空洞、五大はその明らかな肢体であり、さらにそれら大の細かな分別は小枝となる。その上には、意志(サンカルパ)という葉が絶えず生い茂り、行為(カルマ)という花が絶えず咲き続ける。善悪の業より得られる楽と苦こそ、常にまとわりつく果実である。かくして、梵(ブラフマン)という種子より現れ、切れ目なき流れとして常住するこの『身の樹』は、あらゆる生きものの生命を支える。これを真に見極め、智慧という最上の剣で断ち切る者は、不死を得て、生死の束縛から解き放たれる。」

छित्त्वाhaving cut (after cutting)
छित्त्वा:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootछिद्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अमरताimmortality
अमरता:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअमरता
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
प्राप्यhaving attained
प्राप्य:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-आप्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि
जहातिabandons / gives up
जहाति:
TypeVerb
Rootहा
Formलट् (present), प्रथम, एकवचन, परस्मैपद
मृत्युdeath
मृत्यु:
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन
जन्मनीbirth (the two: birth and death)
जन्मनी:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजन्मन्
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyu (Vāyudeva)
D
deha (the body, as a metaphorical tree)
B
Brahman
P
pañca mahābhūta (five great elements)
I
indriyas (sense faculties)
B
buddhi
A
ahaṅkāra
A
ajñāna
J
jñāna (knowledge)

Educational Q&A

Embodied existence is sustained by ignorance, intention, and action, yielding pleasure and pain through karma. Liberation comes by discerning this structure and ‘cutting’ attachment to it with knowledge, thereby transcending birth and death.

Vāyudeva delivers a philosophical instruction using an extended metaphor: the body is a tree whose components are ignorance, intellect, ego, senses, and elements; its leaves, flowers, and fruits are intentions, actions, and their karmic results. He concludes that knowledge severs this tree and grants freedom from saṁsāra.