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Shloka 1

Vāsudeva’s Upadeśa: The Inner Enemy and the Indra–Vṛtra Precedent (आत्मशत्रु-बोधः; इन्द्र-वृत्रोपाख्यानम्)

/ 2: बछ। से, एकादशोब< ध्याय: श्रीकृष्णका युधिष्ठिरको इन्द्रद्वारा शरीरस्थ वृत्रासुरका संहार करनेका इतिहास सुनाकर समझाना वैशम्पायन उवाच इत्युक्ते नृपतौ तस्मिन्‌ व्यासेनाद्‌भुतकर्मणा । वासुदेवो महातेजास्ततो वचनमाददे,वैशम्पायनजी कहते हैं--जनमेजय! अद्भुत-कर्मा वेदव्यासजीने युधिष्ठिरसे इस प्रकार कहा, तब महातेजस्वी भगवान्‌ श्रीकृष्ण कुछ कहनेको उद्यत हुए

vaiśampāyana uvāca | ity ukte nṛpatau tasmin vyāsena adbhuta-karmaṇā | vāsudevo mahā-tejās tato vacanam ādade ||

ヴァイシャンパーヤナは語った。かくして驚異の業をなすヴィヤーサに王が諭されたとき、偉大な光輝を放つヴァースデーヴァ(クリシュナ)は、そこで言葉を発し始めた。

वैशम्पायनःVaiśampāyana
वैशम्पायनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवैशम्पायन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
उक्तेwhen (it was) said
उक्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPast passive participle (kta), Neuter, Locative, Singular
नृपतौin/with regard to the king
नृपतौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनृपति
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तस्मिन्in that (situation/person)
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
व्यासेनby Vyāsa
व्यासेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootव्यास
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
अद्भुतकर्मणाby the wondrous-deeded (one)
अद्भुतकर्मणा:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootअद्भुतकर्मन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
वासुदेवःVāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa)
वासुदेवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवासुदेव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महातेजाःof great splendor
महातेजाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहातेजस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
वचनम्speech/words
वचनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवचन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आददेtook up (began to speak)
आददे:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootदा
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular, Ātmanepada

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
V
Vyāsa
V
Vāsudeva (Śrī Kṛṣṇa)
T
the king (Yudhiṣṭhira, by context)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames ethical instruction as a living dialogue: after Vyāsa’s authoritative guidance, Kṛṣṇa’s speech is introduced, implying that dharma is clarified through both ascetic insight and compassionate, actionable counsel suited to a ruler’s dilemmas.

Vaiśampāyana narrates a transition: Vyāsa has just spoken to the king (contextually Yudhiṣṭhira), and now Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa), described as greatly radiant, prepares to respond and continue the instruction.