Shloka 19
Nārada’s Exempla of Tapas and Assurance to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (नारदोपदेशः—तपःसिद्ध्युदाहरणम्)
Devanagari script
भीमसेनादयश्नैव पाण्डवा भरतर्षभ | अभिवाद्योपसंगृहा निषेदु: पार्थिवाज्ञया
Transliteration
bhīmasenādayaś caiva pāṇḍavā bharatarṣabha | abhivādyopasaṅgṛhya niṣeduḥ pārthivājñayā ||
Translation
ヴァイシャンパーヤナは語った。――そのとき、ビー マセーナをはじめ他のパーンダヴァたちは、バーラタ族の雄牛よ、恭しく礼を述べ、しかるべき作法を尽くしたのち、王の命に従って座した。
Word by Word
भीमसेनादयःBhimasena and others
भीमसेनादयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीमसेन-आदि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
पाण्डवाःthe Pandavas
पाण्डवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव-
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
भरतर्षभO bull among the Bharatas
भरतर्षभ:
TypeNoun
Rootभरत-ऋषभ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
अभिवाद्यhaving saluted
अभिवाद्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-√वद्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)
उपसंगृह्यhaving approached/come near (and attended)
उपसंगृह्य:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-सम्-√ग्रह्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)
निषेदुःsat down
निषेदुः:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-√सद्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Plural
पार्थिवाज्ञयाby the king's command
पार्थिवाज्ञया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थिव-आज्ञा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
Speaker
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Characters & Entities
V
VaiśampāyanaB
BhīmasenaP
PāṇḍavasT
the king (pārthiva)B
Bharata lineage (addressed as bharatarṣabha)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse highlights dharmic decorum: one should approach elders or rulers with respectful salutations and comply with rightful instructions, embodying humility, discipline, and social order.
Bhīma and the other Pāṇḍavas formally greet and pay their respects, then take their seats as directed by the king, indicating a structured audience and proper protocol.