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Shloka 9

Puṣkara-Śapatha Itihāsa (Agastya–Indra Dispute at the Tīrthas) | पुष्कर-शपथ-आख्यानम्

धर्मपालनकी इच्छासे ही उसको स्त्री आदि कुटुम्बका संग्रह करना चाहिये (विषयभोगके लिये नहीं)। ब्राह्मणको उचित है कि वह सदा जाग्रत्‌ रहे

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | kathaṃ sadopavāsī syād brahmacārī ca pārthiva | vighasāśī kathaṃ ca syāt kathaṃ caivātithipriyaḥ ||

ユディシュティラは問うた。「大王よ、いかにして婆羅門は常に断食する者であり、同時に梵行者(ブラフマチャーリン)ともなり得るのですか。さらに、いかにして“ヴィガサーシン”——他者の後に残ったもののみを食す者——となり、真に客を迎えることに尽くせるのでしょうか。」

युधिष्ठिरःYudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
सदाalways
सदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
उपवासीone who fasts; a constant faster
उपवासी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउपवासिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्यात्would be / can be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormOptative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
ब्रह्मचारीa celibate student; brahmacārin
ब्रह्मचारी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मचारिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पार्थिवO king (lord of the earth)
पार्थिव:
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थिव
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
विघसाशीone who eats leftovers (after others/after offering)
विघसाशी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविघसाशिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
स्यात्would be / can be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormOptative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed / just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
अतिथिप्रियःfond of guests; hospitable
अतिथिप्रियः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअतिथिप्रिय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
P
Pārthiva (the king addressed; Bhīṣma in context of Anuśāsana teachings)
B
Brāhmaṇa
A
Atithi (guest)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames an ethical inquiry into how a brāhmaṇa can embody rigorous self-restraint (fasting/continence) while also fulfilling social duties of generosity—especially feeding others first and honoring guests—showing that dharma integrates personal discipline with service.

Yudhiṣṭhira, seeking clarity on prescribed brāhmaṇa conduct, asks the kingly authority he is addressing (in this parva’s setting, Bhīṣma as instructor) to explain how ideals like constant fasting, celibacy, eating only leftovers, and love of guests can be practically realized.