Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 19

अलोभोपाख्यानम् — शुनःसख-यातुधानी-संवादः

The Allegory of Non-Greed: Śunaḥsakha and the Yātudhānī

जो चितकबरे रंगके बैलोंसे जुती गाड़ीपर बैठकर नदीके जलको पार कर रहा हो, उसके पितर इस समय मानो नावपर बैठकर उससे जलांजलि पानेकी इच्छा रखते हैं ।।

yaś citrakabare raṅgake bailaiḥ yutāṁ gāḍīṁ āruhya nadī-jalaṁ pārayan bhavati, tasya pitaras tadā nāvam āruhya iva tasmat jalāñjaliṁ prāptum icchanti. sadā nāvi jalatāḥ ajñāḥ prayacchanti samāhitāḥ. māsārthe kṛṣṇapakṣasya kuryān nirvapaṇāni vai.

ビーシュマは言う。斑の牛を飾り整えて繋いだ車に乗り、川を渡る者がいるなら、その時その者の祖霊は、まるで舟に座しているかのように、水の供えを受けんと望む。ゆえに心を一つにして、常に祖霊(ピトリ)へ掬水の供え(ジャラーンジャリ、jalāñjali)を捧げよ。とりわけ月の黒分(クリシュナ・パクシャ、kṛṣṇa-pakṣa)には、定められた祖先供養(ニルヴァパナ、nirvapaṇa/シュラーダッダに関わる儀)を必ず行うべきである。

सदाalways
सदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
Formindeclinable (adverb)
नाविin a boat
नावि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनौ
Formfeminine, locative singular
जलwater
जल:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजल
Formneuter, accusative singular
तृप्ताःsatisfied
तृप्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootतृप्त
Formmasculine, nominative plural
प्रयच्छन्तिthey give / offer
प्रयच्छन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootदा (प्र + यम्/यच्छ् as present-stem)
Formpresent tense, parasmaipada, 3rd person plural
समाहिताःcomposed, attentive
समाहिताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसमाहित
Formmasculine, nominative plural
मासार्थेat the end of the month / for the month's purpose
मासार्थे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमासार्थ
Formmasculine, locative singular
कृष्णपक्षस्यof the dark fortnight
कृष्णपक्षस्य:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootकृष्णपक्ष
Formmasculine, genitive singular
कुर्यात्one should do
कुर्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formoptative (vidhilin), parasmaipada, 3rd person singular
निर्वपणानिofferings (oblations), rites of offering
निर्वपणानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिर्वपण
Formneuter, accusative plural
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
Formindeclinable (particle)

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
P
Pitrs (ancestors)
R
river (nadī)
B
boat (nāva)
W
water-offering (jalāñjali)
C
cart (gāḍī)
B
bulls/oxen (baila)
D
dark fortnight (kṛṣṇapakṣa)

Educational Q&A

One should not neglect ongoing obligations to the ancestors: offer water (tarpana/jalāñjali) with a focused mind, and observe the appropriate lunar timing—especially the dark fortnight—for ancestral rites (nirvapaṇa/śrāddha-related offerings).

Bhishma is instructing on ancestral rites. He uses a vivid image: as a person crosses a river on a bullock-cart, the Pitṛs are imagined as if seated in a boat nearby, eagerly awaiting the water-offering from him—underscoring immediacy and duty.