Shloka 10

Phala of Vrata, Niyama, Svādhyāya, Dama, Satya, Brahmacarya, and Service (व्रत-नियम-स्वाध्याय-दम-सत्य-ब्रह्मचर्य-शुश्रूषा-फलप्रश्नः)

Devanagari script

तस्य दुःखपरीतस्य स्वं पुत्रमनुशोचत: । व्यतीतं तदहःशेषं सा चोग्रा तत्र शर्वरी

Transliteration

tasya duḥkhaparītasya svaṁ putram anuśocataḥ | vyatītaṁ tad-ahaḥśeṣaṁ sā cogrā tatra śarvarī ||

Translation

ビーシュマは言った。「悲嘆に包まれ、わが子を幾度も嘆きつつ、その聖仙はその日の残りを憂いのうちに過ごした。そこではまた、恐るべき夜も訪れては過ぎ去った。」

Word by Word

• तस्य: of him
• तस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• दुःख: with sorrow
• दुःख: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुःख
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• परीतस्य: of (one) surrounded/overwhelmed
• परीतस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परि-इ (परीत)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• स्वम्: own
• स्वम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्व
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• पुत्रम्: son
• पुत्रम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• अनुशोचतः: of (him) lamenting
• अनुशोचतः: Sambandha
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनु-शुच्
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular, Present active participle (शतृ)

• व्यतीतम्: passed/elapsed
• व्यतीतम्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-अति-इ (व्यतीत)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular, Past passive participle

• तत्: that
• तत्: Visheshana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• अहः: day
• अहः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अहन्/अहः
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• शेषम्: remaining
• शेषम्: Visheshana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शेष
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• सा: she
• सा: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• उग्रा: terrible/fierce
• उग्रा: Visheshana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उग्र
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र

• शर्वरी: night
• शर्वरी: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर्वरी
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma
• a grieving father (unnamed in this verse)
• his son (unnamed in this verse)
• day (ahaḥ)
• night (śarvarī)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even profound wisdom can be shaken by personal loss; the verse highlights the ethical need to recognize grief without letting it eclipse dharma, remembering that time continues and one must regain steadiness.

What is happening in the narrative?

A father, overwhelmed with sorrow for his son, spends the rest of the day lamenting; then a fearful night arrives and also passes, marking the continuation of time amid mourning.