Shloka 13

Gopradāna-phalasaṃprāpti: Nāciketa’s Vision of Vaivasvata’s Realms (गोप्रदानफलसम्प्राप्तिः — नाचिकेतोपाख्यानम्)

Devanagari script

अन्नौषध्यो महाराज वीरुधश्चव॒ जलोदभवा: । यतः प्राणभृतां प्राणा: सम्भवन्ति विशाम्पते

Transliteration

annauṣadhyo mahārāja vīrudhaś ca jalodbhavāḥ | yataḥ prāṇabhṛtāṃ prāṇāḥ sambhavanti viśāmpate ||

Translation

ビーシュマは言った。「大王よ、食と薬草、また草と蔓草はみな水より生ずる。これらによってこそ、生きとし生けるものの生命の息は現れ、養われるのだ、民の主よ。まことに、天上の力の群れにおける主ソーマもまた水より顕れた。アムリタ、スダー、供犠の唱句『スヴァーハー』『スヴァダー』、そして食、薬草、草、蔓はすべて水より生まれる。これらによって万物の命は起こり、育まれる。」

Word by Word

• {'anna': 'food, grain

• sustenance', 'auṣadhi': 'medicinal herb

• healing plant', 'vīrudh': 'plant, herb, grass (esp. non-woody vegetation)', 'jalodbhava': 'born from water

• arising out of water', 'yataḥ': 'from which

• because of which', 'prāṇabhṛt': 'living being

• one who bears life (lit. ‘life-supported’)', 'prāṇa': 'life-breath

• vital force', 'sambhavanti': 'come into being

• are produced', 'viśāmpati': 'lord of the people

• king (address to Yudhiṣṭhira)', 'mahārāja': 'great king', 'soma': 'Soma (deity/moon

• also the sacred Soma-essence)', 'amṛta': 'immortality-giving nectar

• ambrosia', 'sudhā': 'nectar

• ambrosial essence', 'svāhā': 'ritual exclamation for offerings to the gods', 'svadhā': 'ritual exclamation/oblation associated with Pitṛs (ancestors)'}

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• Yudhiṣṭhira (implied by addresses mahārāja/viśāmpati/prajānātha)
• Soma
• Water (jala)
• Amṛta
• Sudhā
• Svāhā
• Svadhā
• Food (anna)
• Medicinal herbs (auṣadhi)
• Grasses/plants (vīrudh)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Water is presented as the fundamental source of nourishment and vitality: from water arise food and medicinal plants, which in turn sustain the prāṇa (life-force) of all beings. The verse also links water to sacred and ritual realities (Soma, amṛta, svāhā, svadhā), implying an ethical duty to honor, protect, and rightly use water as a dharmic resource.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Anuśāsana Parva, Bhīṣma instructs King Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma and right conduct. Here he emphasizes the cosmic and practical importance of water, describing it as the origin of vegetation, food, medicines, and even sacred substances and ritual formulas—thereby grounding moral instruction in the life-sustaining order of the world.