Shloka 42

दैव–पुरुषकार-प्रश्नः

Daiva–Puruṣakāra Inquiry: Fate and Human Effort

Devanagari script

पापमुत्सृजते लोके सर्व प्राप्य सुदुर्लभम्‌ । लोभमोहसमापन्न न दैवं त्रायते नरम्‌

Transliteration

pāpam utsṛjate loke sarvaṁ prāpya sudurlabham | lobhamohasamāpanna na daivaṁ trāyate naram ||

Translation

この世で得がたいものをことごとく得たとしても、人はなお罪に堕ちうる。貪りと迷いに呑まれた者を、たとえ天の幸運であっても守りきれない。

Word by Word

• पापम्: sin, evil
• पापम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाप
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• उत्सृजते: casts off, abandons
• उत्सृजते: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: उत्-√सृज्
• Form: Present, Third, Singular, Atmanepada

• लोके: in the world
• लोके: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• सर्वम्: everything, all
• सर्वम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• प्राप्य: having obtained
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-√आप्
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada/Atmanepada-neutral (gerund)

• सुदुर्लभम्: very hard to obtain
• सुदुर्लभम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुदुर्लभ
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• लोभमोहसमापन्नः: one overcome by greed and delusion
• लोभमोहसमापन्नः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: लोभ-मोह-समापन्न
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• दैवम्: fate, divine power
• दैवम्: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दैव
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• त्रायते: protects, saves
• Type: Verb
• Root: √त्रा
• Form: Present, Third, Singular, Atmanepada

• नरम्: a man
• नरम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Worldly success or rare attainments do not guarantee righteousness; when greed and delusion take hold, a person becomes vulnerable to wrongdoing, and mere reliance on fate or divine favor cannot save him without inner restraint and clear discernment.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhishma is instructing on dharma and conduct, warning that even those who have gained much can fall into sin if they become dominated by lobha (greed) and moha (delusion), emphasizing personal responsibility over dependence on daiva (fortune).