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Shloka 49

Dāyavibhāga (Inheritance Apportionment) and Household Precedence — Dialogue of Yudhiṣṭhira and Bhīṣma

पाणिग्रहीता वान्य: स्यादत्र नो धर्मसंशय: । तन्नश्छिन्धि महाप्राज्ञ त्वं हि वै प्राज्ञसम्मत:

pāṇigrahītā vānyaḥ syād atra no dharma-saṁśayaḥ | tan naś chindhi mahāprājña tvaṁ hi vai prājña-sammataḥ ||

ビーシュマは言った。「この件について、われらはダルマに疑いを抱いている。すでに婚約を得た者が死んだなら、別の男が『手を取る者』(pāṇigrahītā)すなわち正当な夫となり得るのか。大いなる賢者よ、学識ある者に認められ敬われるあなたが、この疑いを断ってください。」

पाणिग्रहीताthe one who takes the hand (husband)
पाणिग्रहीता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाणिग्रहीतृ (पाणि + √ग्रह्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
अन्यःanother (person)
अन्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्यात्may be / could be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Root√अस् (भू)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अत्रhere / in this matter
अत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र
नःof us / our
नः:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Plural
धर्मसंशयःdoubt regarding dharma
धर्मसंशयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मसंशय (धर्म + संशय)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तत्that (doubt/matter)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
नःfor us / to us
नः:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Dative, Plural
छिन्धिcut off / remove (resolve)
छिन्धि:
TypeVerb
Root√छिद्
FormImperative (Lot), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
महाप्राज्ञO very wise one
महाप्राज्ञ:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाप्राज्ञ (महा + प्राज्ञ)
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed / for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
वैindeed / surely
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
प्राज्ञसम्मतःapproved/esteemed by the wise
प्राज्ञसम्मतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्राज्ञसम्मत (प्राज्ञ + सम्मत)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्य उवाच

B
Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a dharma-question: when customary arrangements (such as securing a bride) are disrupted by death, one must seek authoritative guidance to determine what is righteous and socially valid—especially regarding who may lawfully perform pāṇigraha (the marriage hand-taking).

Bhīṣma presents a case of legal-ethical uncertainty about marriage: whether, after the intended bridegroom (who had secured the bride) dies, another man may take her hand in marriage. He asks a recognized authority to resolve the doubt.