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Shloka 29

Pratyakṣa–Āgama–Ācāra: Doubt, Proof, and the Practice of Dharma (प्रत्यक्ष–आगम–आचारविचारः)

सर्ववेदेषु वा स्नान सर्वभूतेषु चार्जवम्‌ । उभे एते समे स्यातामार्जवं वा विशिष्यते

sarvavedeṣu vā snānaṁ sarvabhūteṣu cārjavam | ubhe ete same syātām ārjavaṁ vā viśiṣyate ||

マハーデーヴァは言った。「諸ヴェーダに説かれる浄めの沐浴を行うことと、あらゆる生きものに対して端正(正直)を実践すること—この二つは等しいと見なされ得る。だが、端正さ(廉直)はより勝れている。」

सर्ववेदेषुin all the Vedas
सर्ववेदेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसर्ववेद
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
स्नानम्bathing (ritual bath)
स्नानम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्नान
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
सर्वभूतेषुamong/in all beings
सर्वभूतेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वभूत
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आर्जवम्straightforwardness, honesty
आर्जवम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआर्जव
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
उभेboth
उभे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउभ
FormNeuter, Nominative, Dual
एतेthese (two)
एते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Dual
समेequal
समे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसम
FormNeuter, Nominative, Dual
स्याताम्might be / would be
स्याताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Dual, Parasmaipada
आर्जवम्straightforwardness, honesty
आर्जवम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआर्जव
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
वाor (rather)
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
विशिष्यतेis superior/excels
विशिष्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootवि + शिष्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada

श्रीमहेश्वर उवाच

Ś
Śrī Maheśvara (Mahādeva/Śiva)
V
Vedas
S
sarvabhūta (all beings)

Educational Q&A

Moral integrity (ārjava)—being honest and straightforward with all beings—is at least equal to, and ultimately superior to, external ritual purification such as Vedic bathing. Inner virtue is presented as the highest form of purity.

In Anuśāsana Parva, Mahādeva speaks as a teacher of dharma, contrasting ritual observance (Vedic purificatory bathing) with ethical conduct (straightforwardness toward all beings), and declaring ethical integrity to be the greater excellence.