Shloka 33

अध्याय १२८: शिव–उमा संवादः — तिलोत्तमा, श्मशान-मेध्यता, तथा चातुर्वर्ण्य-धर्मः

Chapter 128: Śiva–Umā Dialogue—Tilottamā, the Ritual Valence of the Śmaśāna, and the Fourfold Duty-Code

Devanagari script

सुह्दां दुःखमार्तानां न प्रमोक्ष्यसि चार्तिजम्‌ । अलमर्थगुणैहीनं तेनासि हरिण: कृश:

Transliteration

suhṛdāṁ duḥkhamārtānāṁ na pramokṣyasi cārtijam | alam arthaguṇair hīnaṁ tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ ||

Translation

婆羅門は言った。「おまえの友や好意を寄せる者たちは苦しみに悩まされているのに、おまえはその窮状から生じる痛みを彼らから取り除くことができない。しかもおまえ自身も、財とその利を欠いていると感じている。ゆえに鹿よ、おまえは青白くやせ衰えたのだ。」

Word by Word

• {'suhṛdām': 'of well-wishers, friends', 'duḥkha-mārtānām': 'of those distressed/afflicted by suffering', 'na pramokṣyasi': 'you do not (are not able to) release, deliver', 'ca': 'and', 'ārtijam': 'arising from affliction

• pain caused by distress', 'alam': 'sufficiently

• indeed (emphatic particle)', 'artha-guṇaiḥ': 'by the benefits/advantages of wealth

• material means and their utilities', 'hīnam': 'devoid of, lacking', 'tena': 'therefore, for that reason', 'asi': 'you are', 'hariṇaḥ': 'like a deer

• deer', 'kṛśaḥ': 'thin, emaciated'}

Speaker

ब्राह्मण उवाच

Characters & Entities

• ब्राह्मण (speaker)
• सुहृद् (friends/well-wishers)
• हरिण (deer, as simile)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse stresses ethical responsibility toward one’s well-wishers: if friends and dependents suffer and one cannot relieve their distress—especially due to lack of material means—this becomes a moral and social failing, reflected metaphorically in one’s weakened state.

What is happening in the narrative?

A brāhmaṇa addresses someone who appears pale and thin, attributing this condition to two linked causes: the suffering of the person’s friends and relatives, and the person’s inability—through lack of wealth/resources—to remove their pain.