Shloka 5

Dāna–Tapaḥ Praśaṃsā and Gṛhastha-Upadeśa

Maitreya

Devanagari script

आत्मवान्‌ भव सुप्रीत: स्वधर्माचरणे रत: । क्षात्रीं तनुं समुत्सृज्य ततो विप्रत्वमेष्यसि

Transliteration

ātmavān bhava suprītaḥ svadharmācaraṇe rataḥ | kṣātrīṁ tanuṁ samutsṛjya tato vipratvam eṣyasi ||

Translation

ヴィヤーサは言った。「自らを制し、深く満ち足りて、己がダルマの実践に励め。武人としての身を脱ぎ捨てたとき、汝は婆羅門の位に至るであろう。」

Word by Word

• आत्मवान्: self-controlled, possessing self
• आत्मवान्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आत्मवत्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• भव: be
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू
• Form: Imperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada

• सुप्रीतः: well-pleased, very content
• सुप्रीतः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुप्रीत
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• स्वधर्माचरणे: in the practice of one’s own duty
• स्वधर्माचरणे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वधर्म-आचरण
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• रतः: engaged, devoted
• रतः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रत
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• क्षात्रीम्: kshatriya (royal/warrior) (as an attribute)
• क्षात्रीम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्षात्र
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• तनुम्: body
• तनुम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: तनु
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• समुत्सृज्य: having abandoned, having given up
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-उत्-√सृज्
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)

• ततः: then, thereafter
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः

• विप्रत्वम्: brahminhood, the state of being a brahmin
• विप्रत्वम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: विप्रत्व
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• एष्यसि: you will attain/you will go to
• Type: Verb
• Root: √इ (एष् as future-stem)
• Form: Simple Future (Luṭ), Second, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

व्यास उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vyāsa
• kṣatriya (warrior/ruler)
• brāhmaṇa (vipra)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Steadfast adherence to one’s svadharma, grounded in self-mastery and inner contentment, purifies the person; after fulfilling the kṣatriya role, one may progress toward the contemplative ideal symbolized by brāhmaṇa-status.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vyāsa delivers instruction that links righteous conduct and disciplined rulership with spiritual elevation, promising that after relinquishing the warrior-embodiment, the listener will attain vipratva (brahminhood).