Shloka 68
उपदेशदोषप्रसङ्गः (Upadeśa-doṣa-prasaṅgaḥ) — The Risk of Misapplied Counsel
(वर्जयेदुपदेशं च सदैव ब्राह्मणो नूप । उपदेशं हि कुर्वाणो द्विज: कृच्छुमवाप्तुयात् । नरेश्वर! ब्राह्मणको चाहिये कि वह कभी शूद्रको उपदेश न दे; क्योंकि उपदेश करनेवाला ब्राह्मण स्वयं ही संकटमें पड़ जाता है ।।
bhīṣma uvāca | varjayed upadeśaṃ ca sadaiva brāhmaṇo nṛpa | upadeśaṃ hi kurvāṇo dvijaḥ kṛcchram avāpnuyāt || nareśvara! brāhmaṇako cāhiye ki vaha kabhī śūdrako upadeśa na de; kyoṅki upadeśa karanevālā brāhmaṇa svayaṃ hī saṅkaṭameṃ paṛa jātā hai || neṣitavyaṃ sadā vācā dvijena nṛpasattama | na ca pravaktavyam iha kiṃcid varṇāvare jane || nṛpaśreṣṭha! brāhmaṇako apanī vāṇīdvarā kabhī upadeśa denekī icchā hī nahīṃ karanī cāhiye | yadi kare bhī to nīca varṇake puruṣako to kadāpi kuch upadeśa na de || brāhmaṇāḥ kṣatriyā vaiśyās trayo varṇā dvijātayaḥ | eteṣu kathayan rājan brāhmaṇo na praduṣpati ||
ビーシュマは言った。「王よ、バラモンは常に教示を慎んで退くべきである。教えを施そうとする二度生まれ（ドヴィジャ）は、苦難に陥り得るからだ。人々の主よ、バラモンはシュードラを教えてはならぬ。かかる教示をなすバラモンは、自ら危難を招く。諸王のうち最勝の者よ、二度生まれは、言葉によって他者を導こうとする意図すら起こすべきではない。この世において、下位のヴァルナの者に何事も説いてはならぬ。至高の統治者よ、バラモン・クシャトリヤ・ヴァイシャ—この三つのヴァルナが二度生まれと呼ばれる。彼らの間で教えるバラモンは、咎を負わない。」
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Bhishma frames a rule of restraint in speech and instruction: a Brahmin should avoid giving doctrinal instruction—especially to those deemed of lower varna—and is said to incur danger or hardship by doing so; teaching within the three ‘twice-born’ varnas is presented as faultless.
In the Anushasana Parva’s dharma-discourse, Bhishma continues advising the king (Yudhishthira) on social and ethical regulations, here focusing on who should be instructed and the perceived risks and impropriety of crossing prescribed varna boundaries in teaching.