Shloka 50

Sṛṣṭi-krama, Pratibimba-Upādhi, and Viṣṇu as Primary Brahman

with Pralaya and Nāma-Stuti

शेषस्त्विन्द्रो रुद्र एते त्रयश्च समा ह्येते ज्ञानबलादिकेष्वपि तथापि तेषां कालतो न्यूनतास्ति कालोपि तेषां द्विव्येसहस्रवर्षम्

śeṣastvindro rudra ete trayaśca samā hyete jñānabalādikeṣvapi tathāpi teṣāṃ kālato nyūnatāsti kālopi teṣāṃ dvivyesahasravarṣam

シェーシャ、インドラ、ルドラ——この三者は、智慧や力などにおいてもまことに比肩しうる。されど寿命には差があり、彼らに定められた時は二千の天年であると言われる。

शेषःŚeṣa
शेषः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootśeṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
तुbut
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formनिपात/अव्यय (contrast)
इन्द्रःIndra
इन्द्रः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootindra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
रुद्रःRudra
रुद्रः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrudra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
एतेthese
एते:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
त्रयःthree
त्रयः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottraya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; संख्यावाचक
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय
समाःequal
समाः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषण (एते त्रयः)
हिindeed
हि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
Formनिपात/अव्यय (emphasis)
एतेthese
एते:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
ज्ञान-बल-आदिकेषुin knowledge, strength, etc.
ज्ञान-बल-आदिकेषु:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootjñāna + bala + ādi + ka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (समाहार-द्वन्द्व), सप्तमी, बहुवचन; द्वन्द्व (ज्ञानं च बलं च आदयः च) + ‘आदि’ समुच्चय; ‘-केषु’ = सप्तमी बहुवचन
अपिalso
अपि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
Formनिपात/अव्यय (also/even)
तथापिnevertheless
तथापि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā + api (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (concessive: nevertheless)
तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन
कालतःwith respect to time
कालतः:
Apadana (अपादान)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkāla (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (ablatival adverb: ‘in terms of time’)
न्यूनताinferiority/deficiency
न्यूनता:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootnyūnatā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
अस्तिis
अस्ति:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootas (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
कालःtime
कालः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkāla (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
अपिalso
अपि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
Formनिपात/अव्यय (also)
तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन
द्वि-वर्ष-सहस्र-वर्षम्two thousand years
द्वि-वर्ष-सहस्र-वर्षम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdvi + varṣa + sahasra + varṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; समासः (द्विवर्षसहस्रं वर्षाणां परिमाणम्) — ‘two-thousand years’ (पाठे ‘द्विव्ये’ = द्विवर्षे इति सम्भाव्य)

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda)

Concept: Great cosmic beings may be comparable in powers, yet kāla differentiates their lifespan; time governs embodied existence.

Vedantic Theme: Kāla as an upādhi/conditioning factor within saṃsāra; relative greatness does not negate temporality.

Application: Cultivate humility: power and knowledge do not exempt one from time; prioritize liberation-oriented practice over status.

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Related Themes: Garuda Purana cosmology sections enumerating deva-lifespans and measures of divine years (conceptual cluster)

S
Shesha (Ananta)
I
Indra
R
Rudra (Shiva)
K
Kala (Time)

FAQs

It states they are comparable in qualities like knowledge and strength, but their lifespans are not identical—time creates a measurable difference.

It emphasizes that even exalted beings are bounded by Kala, and that cosmic rank can include distinctions based on allotted lifespan.

Reflect on impermanence: even the greatest are time-bound, so one should prioritize dharma, self-discipline, and spiritual practice over pride in power or status.