Shloka 25

Devotpatti-nirūpaṇa — Hari’s Pūrṇatva

Completeness) and the Ritual Doctrine of Sāra (Essence

Devanagari script

यामस्यानन्तरं चान्नं सूपान्नं पायसं तथा / भक्ष्यं च क्वथितं वीन्द्र असारं परिकीर्तितम्

Transliteration

yāmasyānantaraṃ cānnaṃ sūpānnaṃ pāyasaṃ tathā / bhakṣyaṃ ca kvathitaṃ vīndra asāraṃ parikīrtitam

Translation

ヤマの定められた時期が過ぎると、食物—飯と煮炊きの菜、汁飯、甘き乳粥（パーヤサ）、さらには茹で物までも—おお鳥の主（ガルダ）よ、味なく精髄を欠くと説かれる。

Word by Word

• यामस्य: of a yāma (a watch/period)
• यामस्य: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: याम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), षष्ठी (Genitive/6th), एकवचन

• अनन्तरम्: after
• अनन्तरम्: अधिकरण (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अनन्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय, कालवाचक-अव्यय

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Coordinator)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• अन्नम्: cooked food
• अन्नम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• सूपान्नम्: food with soup / soup-rice
• सूपान्नम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूप + अन्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (सूपयुक्तम् अन्नम् / soup-food)

• पायसम्: milk-rice / sweet pudding
• पायसम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पायस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• तथा: also; likewise
• तथा: समुच्चय (Coordinator)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चय/रीति-वाचक (also/likewise)

• भक्ष्यम्: edible snack/food to be eaten
• भक्ष्यम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भक्ष्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Coordinator)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• क्वथितम्: boiled/cooked
• क्वथितम्: विशेषण (Adjectival predicate to foods)
• Type: Verb
• Root: क्वथ् (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त—भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (PPP), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• वीन्द्र: O king
• वीन्द्र: सम्बोधन (Address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वीन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

• असारम्: devoid of essence/strengthless
• असारम्: कर्म-विशेषण (Object qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: असार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (adjective)

• परिकीर्तितम्: is said to be
• परिकीर्तितम्: क्रिया (Predicate; passive)
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि-कीर्त् (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त—भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (PPP), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (narrating to Garuda)

Pretakalpa Layer

Afterlife Stage: Yamaloka Journey

Shraddha Ritual

Ritual Type: Parvana

Beneficiary: Pitr

Timing: After prescribed yama-kāla; emphasizes timely preparation/consumption of śrāddha food

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Kāla (time) diminishes rasa/sāra in food; ritual propriety depends on timely offering and freshness/fitness.

Vedantic Theme: Anityatā of material qualities; time as a consuming principle (kāla-tattva) affecting upādhi.

Application: Perform offerings/feeding within prescribed time; avoid stale/over-kept food in śrāddha and devotional contexts.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana, Pretakalpa: sections on śrāddha-dravya, anna-doṣa, and kāla-niyama for offerings (adjacent verses in 3.14).

Characters & Entities

• Yama
• Garuda

FAQs

What is the importance of “food becoming asāra (essence-less)” in the Garuda Purana?

This verse highlights the altered, diminished experience in Yama’s post-death domain: even normal foods are described as lacking rasa/essence, underscoring the preta’s dependence on prescribed rites and the karmic condition of enjoyment.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul after death?

It implies a transitional state under Yama’s order where ordinary sensory satisfaction is impaired—suggesting that the departed experiences a different mode of embodiment and enjoyment shaped by time, law (niyama), and karma.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

It encourages timely performance of śrāddha and related duties with sincerity, and promotes ethical living so that one’s post-death condition is not marked by deprivation and dissatisfaction.