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Shloka 16

Brahma-vidyā through Yoga: Restraint, Pranava Japa, and Samādhi leading to Mokṣa

Devanagari script

इन्द्रियाणि समाहृत्य विषयेभ्यो मनस्तथा / बुद्ध्याहङ्कारमपि च प्रकृत्या बुद्धिमेव च

Transliteration

indriyāṇi samāhṛtya viṣayebhyo manastathā / buddhyāhaṅkāramapi ca prakṛtyā buddhimeva ca

Translation

諸感官を対象から引き戻し、同様に心を制し、さらに बुद्धि（ブッディ、知性）と अहंकार（アハンカーラ、我執）をも抑えるべきである。プラクリティ（物質自然）を見分けることにより、知性そのものを堅固にせよ。

Word by Word
इन्द्रियाणिthe senses
इन्द्रियाणि:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), बहुवचन; कर्म (object)
समाहृत्यhaving withdrawn
समाहृत्य:
Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम् + आ + हृ (धातु) → समाहृत्य (कृदन्त, ल्यप्)
Formक्त्वान्त/ल्यपन्त अव्यय (absolutive/gerund): having withdrawn/collected
विषयेभ्यःfrom the objects (of sense)
विषयेभ्यः:
Apadana (Source/अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootविषय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/पञ्चमी), बहुवचन; अपादान (ablative)
मनःthe mind
मनः:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootमनस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; कर्म (object)
तथाlikewise
तथा:
Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formप्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (adverb: likewise)
बुद्ध्याby/with the intellect
बुद्ध्या:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन; करण (instrumental)
अहङ्कारम्ego-sense
अहङ्कारम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootअहङ्कार (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; कर्म (object)
अपिalso
अपि:
Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (also/even)
चand
च:
Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction: and)
प्रकृत्याby/through Prakriti (nature)
प्रकृत्या:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रकृति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन; करण (instrumental)
बुद्धिम्the intellect
बुद्धिम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; कर्म (object)
एवindeed
एव:
Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअवधारण-अव्यय (emphatic particle: indeed/only)
चand
च:
Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (and)
Speaker

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Pratyāhāra and restraint extend beyond senses to mind, intellect, and ego; through discernment of prakṛti one stabilizes buddhi.

Vedantic Theme: Viveka between puruṣa/ātman and prakṛti; antahkaraṇa-śuddhi as prerequisite for self-knowledge; convergence with Sāṅkhya-Yoga vocabulary within a Vedāntic trajectory.

Application: Daily pratyāhāra practice (sense-fast), breath-linked attention to quiet manas; observe egoic ‘I-maker’ reactions; apply viveka: ‘this is prakṛti’s movement, not the Self’.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: vira

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: inner yogic field (antahkaraṇa)

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.235.17 (abiding in pure consciousness after restraining prakṛti)

Characters & Entities
P
Prakriti
I
Indriyas
M
Manas
B
Buddhi
A
Ahankara

FAQs

This verse presents sense-withdrawal as the first step for inner mastery—pulling the senses back from objects so the mind and intellect can become steady and fit for higher knowledge.

By subduing indriyas, manas, buddhi, and ahaṅkāra—the key components of the subtle inner apparatus—the seeker loosens identification with Prakṛti, supporting the soul’s movement toward freedom rather than bondage.

Practice daily restraint: reduce sensory overload, observe the mind’s impulses, and question ego-driven reactions—using clear discrimination to keep the intellect stable and choices dharmic.

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