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Shloka 145

Ācāra-Nirṇaya: Varṇa-Āśrama Dharma, Śauca, Snāna, Sandhyā, Japa, Tarpaṇa, and Gṛhastha-Dinacaryā

Devanagari script

होमो दैवी बलिर्भौतो न यज्ञो ऽतिथिपूजनम् / गवा गोष्ठे दशगुणं अग्न्यगारे शताधिकम्

Transliteration

homo daivī balirbhauto na yajño 'tithipūjanam / gavā goṣṭhe daśaguṇaṃ agnyagāre śatādhikam

Translation

ホーマは神々への供物であり、バリは諸々の生類への供えである。客人へのもてなしは、ただの祭儀として扱ってはならない。布施として牛を与える功徳は、牛舎で与えれば十倍、アグニ・ガーラ（聖火の御座所）で与えれば百倍を超える。

Word by Word
होमःhoma (fire-offering)
होमः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootहोम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन
दैवीdivine
दैवी:
Kriya (Predicate/विधेय)
TypeAdjective
Rootदैवी (प्रातिपदिक; देवी/दैव-सम्बन्धी)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; विशेषण (होमः इत्यस्य विधेयविशेषणरूपेण)
बलिःbali (offering)
बलिः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootबलि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन
भौतःelemental/for beings (bhūta-related)
भौतः:
Kriya (Predicate/विधेय)
TypeAdjective
Rootभौत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; विशेषण (बलिः इत्यस्य)
नnot
न:
Sambandha (Negation/निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक अव्यय (negation)
यज्ञःyajña (sacrifice)
यज्ञः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन
अतिथिपूजनम्(is) worship/honoring of guests
अतिथिपूजनम्:
Kriya (Equative predicate/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootअतिथि (प्रातिपदिक) + पूजन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (अतिथेः पूजनम्)
गवाby/with a cow (i.e., in relation to cows)
गवा:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3), एकवचन; वैदिक/छान्दस रूप ‘गवा’ (instrumental of गो)
गोष्ठेin the cowshed
गोष्ठे:
Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootगोष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7), एकवचन
दशगुणम्tenfold
दशगुणम्:
Kriya (Predicate/विधेय)
TypeAdjective
Rootदश (संख्या) + गुण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन; द्विगु-समासः (दश गुणाः यस्य)
अग्न्यगारेin the fire-house/altar-room
अग्न्यगारे:
Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक) + आगार (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (अग्नेः आगारम्)
शताधिकम्more than a hundredfold
शताधिकम्:
Kriya (Predicate/विधेय)
TypeAdjective
Rootशत (प्रातिपदिक) + अधिक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (शतात् अधिकम्)
Speaker

Lord Vishnu (teaching Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Distinguish homa (devatā-offering) and bali (bhūta-offering); elevate atithi-pūjana beyond a ‘mere’ sacrifice; teach place-based merit multiplication for go-dāna.

Vedantic Theme: Ethics of giving and honoring guests as worship of Nārāyaṇa-in-the-other; karma accrues with intention, recipient, and sacred context.

Application: Practice atithi-sevā as a primary duty; perform offerings with correct categories (homa vs bali); when giving, choose dharmic contexts (support shelters, temples, Vedic institutions) with pure intent.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: vira

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: ritual/charity sites

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.213 (dāna and yajña taxonomy in household dharma)

Characters & Entities
A
Agni
A
Atithi (guest)
B
Bhutas

FAQs

This verse teaches that charity is not only the act but also the proper context; giving a cow in a sacred setting (near the fire-ritual space) is said to yield greatly increased merit.

In Garuda Purana teachings, merit (puṇya) from dharmic acts—homa, offerings, hospitality, and especially dana—supports auspicious outcomes; the verse highlights how correctly performed giving is spiritually potent.

Practice sincere hospitality, perform offerings with understanding (homa/bali), and when giving charity, choose appropriate, sacred, and responsible channels—prioritizing dharmic intention and proper setting.

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