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Shloka 54

Cikitsā-sāra: Doṣa Nidāna–Lakṣaṇa, Agni, Ajīrṇa/Āma Cikitsā, Daśamūla, and Prognostic Signs

Devanagari script

वामाक्षिमज्जनं जिह्वा श्यामा नासा विकारिणी / कृष्णौ स्थानच्युतौ चोष्ठौ कृष्णास्यं यस्यतं त्यजेत्

Transliteration

vāmākṣimajjanaṃ jihvā śyāmā nāsā vikāriṇī / kṛṣṇau sthānacyutau coṣṭhau kṛṣṇāsyaṃ yasyataṃ tyajet

Translation

左目が落ちくぼみ、舌が黒ずみ、鼻が歪み、唇が黒くなって位置を外れ、口そのものが黒く見えるなら、その者は死に近づいたと知るべきである。

Word by Word
वामleft
वाम:
Sambandha (Qualifier/सम्बन्ध)
TypeAdjective
Rootवाम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; समासपूर्वपद (Neuter, Nom/Acc, Singular; compound member)
अक्षिeye
अक्षि:
Sambandha (Qualifier/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootअक्षि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; समासाङ्ग (Neuter, Nom/Acc, Singular; eye)
मज्जनम्sinking (of the left eye)
मज्जनम्:
Karta/Predicate (Subject/Complement)
TypeNoun
Rootमज्जन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (वामाक्षेः मज्जनम्) (Neuter, Nom/Acc, Singular)
जिह्वाtongue
जिह्वा:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootजिह्वा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गे, प्रथमा, एकवचन (Feminine, Nominative, Singular)
श्यामाdark/blackish
श्यामा:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootश्याम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गे, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (Feminine, Nominative, Singular; adjective)
नासाnose
नासा:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootनासा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गे, प्रथमा, एकवचन (Feminine, Nominative, Singular)
विकारिणीdeformed, diseased
विकारिणी:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootविकारिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गे, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (Feminine, Nominative, Singular; having disorder)
कृष्णौblack (two)
कृष्णौ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootकृष्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; विशेषणम् (Masculine, Nominative, Dual; adjective)
स्थानच्युतौdisplaced from position (two)
स्थानच्युतौ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्थान + च्युत (कृदन्त; √च्यु धातु)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; तत्पुरुषः (स्थानात् च्युतौ) (Masculine, Nominative, Dual; displaced)
चand
च:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)
ओष्ठौlips (two)
ओष्ठौ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootओष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा, द्विवचन (Masculine, Nominative, Dual)
कृष्णास्यम्black-mouthed
कृष्णास्यम्:
Karma/Predicate (Complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootकृष्ण + आस्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (कृष्णम् आस्यम् यस्य/कृष्णम् आस्यम्) (Neuter, Nom/Acc, Singular)
यस्यwhose
यस्य:
Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, षष्ठी, एकवचन; सम्बन्धक-यत् (Masculine, Genitive, Singular; whose)
तम्him
तम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया, एकवचन (Masculine, Accusative, Singular)
त्यजेत्should abandon
त्यजेत्:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√त्यज् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचन (Optative, Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular)
Speaker

Lord Vishnu (teaching Garuda in the Garuda Purana’s main dialogue)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Specific ominous changes (sunken left eye, dark tongue, distorted nose, black/displaced lips, blackened mouth) mark the approach of death.

Vedantic Theme: Body as perishable; signs of prana’s withdrawal; encourages detachment and readiness.

Application: Treat such signs as urgent indicators for care, family preparedness, and spiritual focus (mantra, reconciliation, settling duties).

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: bibhatsa

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.168 (arishta-lakshana sequence)

Characters & Entities
P
Prana (implied by death-omen context)

FAQs

They are described as arishta-lakshanas—observable indicators that the pranic vitality is failing and death may be imminent, urging spiritual and practical preparedness.

By indicating that as death approaches, the body shows specific changes; in Garuda Purana’s broader narrative this precedes the jiva’s separation from the gross body and entry into post-death states.

Alongside seeking urgent medical care for alarming symptoms, one can also focus on conscious dying practices—remembrance of God, forgiveness, charity, and settling obligations.

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