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Shloka 38

Prameha-Nidāna-Lakṣaṇa-Bheda: Etiology, Signs, Varieties, and Complications of Meha

Devanagari script

तृष्णा प्रमेहे मधुरं प्रपिच्छं मध्वामये स्याद्विविधोविकारः / सम्पूरणाद्वा कफसम्भवः स्यात्क्षीणेषु दोषेष्वनिलात्मको वा

Transliteration

tṛṣṇā pramehe madhuraṃ prapicchaṃ madhvāmaye syādvividhovikāraḥ / sampūraṇādvā kaphasambhavaḥ syātkṣīṇeṣu doṣeṣvanilātmako vā

Translation

プラメーハには強い渇きがあり、尿は甘く粘りを帯びる。マドゥメーハでは病は種々の相をもって現れる。過度の滋養より起こるカパ由来の場合もあれば、他のドーシャが衰えたとき、ヴァータ（アニラ）性が主となることもある。

Word by Word
तृष्णाthirst
तृष्णा:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतृष्णा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम् — ‘thirst’
प्रमेहेin prameha
प्रमेहे:
Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रमेह (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गः, सप्तमी, एकवचनम् — ‘in prameha’
मधुरम्sweet
मधुरम्:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootमधुर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गः, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचनम् — ‘sweet’ (qualifying prapiccham)
प्रपिच्छम्slimy; mucilaginous
प्रपिच्छम्:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रपिच्छ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गः, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचनम् — ‘slimy/viscid’
मध्वामयेin madhvāmaya
मध्वामये:
Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootमधु (प्रातिपदिक) + आमय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समासः (मधुनः आमयः), पुंलिङ्गः, सप्तमी, एकवचनम् — ‘in madhvāmaya (honey-like disease)’
स्यात्may be
स्यात्:
Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ्, परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम् — ‘may be/is’
विविधःvarious
विविधः:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootविविध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम् — ‘various’ (qualifying vikāraḥ)
विकारःdisorder
विकारः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootविकार (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम् — ‘disorder/alteration’
सम्पूरणात्from overfilling
सम्पूरणात्:
Apadana (Source/अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootसम्पूरण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गः, पञ्चमी (अपादान), एकवचनम् — ‘from fullness/overfilling’
वाor
वा:
Sambandha (Alternative/विकल्प)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (विकल्पार्थक) — ‘or’
कफसम्भवःkapha-origin
कफसम्भवः:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootकफ (प्रातिपदिक) + सम्भव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समासः (कफात् सम्भवः), पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम् — ‘arising from kapha’
स्यात्may be
स्यात्:
Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ्, परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम् — ‘may be’
क्षीणेषुin diminished (state)
क्षीणेषु:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootक्षीण (कृदन्त; √क्षि धातु)
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुं/नपुंस, सप्तमी, बहुवचनम् — ‘when diminished’ (qualifying doṣeṣu)
दोषेषुin the doṣas
दोषेषु:
Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootदोष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गः, सप्तमी, बहुवचनम् — ‘in the doṣas’
अनिलात्मकःvāta-natured
अनिलात्मकः:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअनिल (प्रातिपदिक) + आत्मक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समासः (अनिलः आत्मा यस्य/अनिलात्मकः), पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा, एकवचनम् — ‘of the nature of vāta’
वाor
वा:
Sambandha (Alternative/विकल्प)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (विकल्प)
Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in instruction to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Medical Ayurveda

Dosha: Kapha

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Right understanding of causation (nidāna) and doṣa dynamics enables appropriate response; over-nourishment and depletion lead to different pathological pathways.

Vedantic Theme: Yathā-kāraṇa-yathā-kārya (effects follow causes) as a practical epistemic principle; discernment guides action without confusing Self with bodily processes.

Application: Differentiate kapha-born prameha from vāta-dominant madhumeha by context (over-nourishment vs depletion) and tailor regimen accordingly (lightening vs nourishing/stabilizing under guidance).

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.159.39 (progression, causes like indulgence, prognosis)

FAQs

This verse treats them as clinically distinct conditions, describing hallmark signs (thirst, sweet sticky urine) and identifying doṣic causation, aligning the Purana with Ayurvedic diagnostic thinking.

It does not address afterlife narrative here; instead, it presents embodied (śārīrika) causation—how imbalance and depletion of doṣas shape disease—supporting the text’s broader dharma of maintaining health.

Treat excessive thirst with sweet/sticky urine as a warning sign; avoid over-nourishment and doṣa-aggravating habits, and seek timely medical evaluation.

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